关键词: 发酵菌糠, 发酵玉米芯, 基质配比, 叶菜, 育苗

Abstract: 【Objective】To explore the application of fermented mushroom residue and fermented corn cob in improving leaf vegetable seedling substrate.【Methods】Lettuce and romaine lettuce were used as test materials. Using different volume rations of fermented mushroom residue and fermented corn cob mixed with compound substrate of turf and vermiculite mixture,and turf∶vermiculite=7V∶3V as control（CK）,the effects of different substrate ratios on the physicochemical properties of the substrate as well as the growth and development of lettuce and romaine lettuce seedlings were studied.【Results】In the different ratios of compound substrates,the bulk density of T3 treatment was highest among all the treatments at 0.48 g/cm³. The total porosity,aeration porosity,total phosphorus content,available nitrogen content,pH value,and EC value of T6 treatment were highest among all the treatments,at 79.26%,29.60%,0.21 g/kg,1 564.76 mg/kg,7.51,and 4.47 mS/cm,respectively. The total potassium content of T3 treatment was highest among all the treatments,at 6.44 g/kg. The effective phosphorus content of T7 treatment was highest among all the treatments,at 18.86 mg/kg. The available potassium content of T3 treatment was highest among all the treatments,at 380.68 mg/kg. The emergence rates of lettuce and romaine lettuce in the substrate of T8 treatment（21% fermented mushroom residue,21% fermented corn cob,28% turf,and 30% vermiculite）reached 95.59% and 95.96%,respectively. The plant height,stem diameter,single leaf area,and total dry weight of the seedlings were 8.92 cm,2.08 mm,20.13 cm²,93.70 mg,and 15.11 cm,3.50 mm,7.40 cm²,164.01 mg,respectively,all significantly higher than CK（P<0.05）. The comprehensive evaluation coefficients of seedling growth indexes were 0.974 and 0.959,respectively,all higher than CK and other treatments.【Conclusion】The addition of fermented mushroom residue and fermented corn cob significantly improved the physicochemical properties of leafy vegetable seedling substrate. Equal volume of fermented mushroom residue and fermented corn cob mixture had significant promoting effects on the growth and development of lettuce and romaine lettuce seedlings,could partially replace turf in the seedling substrate of leafy vegetables.

Key words: Fermented mushroom residue, Fermented corn cob, Substrate ratio, Leafy vegetables, Seedling