蓖麻饼粕肥对欧李土壤养分和酶活性的影响

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.03.04

北方农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 35-46.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.03.04

蓖麻饼粕肥对欧李土壤养分和酶活性的影响

李明静¹, 何智彪², 乔文杰², 贾娟霞², 莫德乐吐², 张智勇², 雷凤燕³, 王国成⁴, 张晓华⁵, 黄凤兰^1,6,7,8,9

1.内蒙古民族大学生命科学与食品学院,内蒙古通辽 028000;
2.内蒙古通辽市农牧科学研究所,内蒙古通辽 028000;
3.通辽市农牧局综合保障中心,内蒙古通辽 028000;
4.内蒙古通辽市农畜产品质量安全中心,内蒙古通辽 028000;
5.巴林左旗林业和草原局,内蒙古巴林左旗 025450;
6.内蒙古自治区高校蓖麻产业工程技术研究中心,内蒙古通辽 028000;
7.蓖麻育种国家民委重点实验室,内蒙古通辽 028000;
8.内蒙古自治区蓖麻育种与综合利用重点实验室,内蒙古通辽 028000;
9.蓖麻产业技术创新内蒙古自治区工程研究中心,内蒙古通辽 028000

收稿日期:2024-09-13 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-10-24
通讯作者: 黄凤兰（1973—）,女,教授,博士,主要从事蓖麻饼粕对不同作物土壤影响的研究工作。
作者简介:李明静（1998—）,女,博士研究生,研究方向为蓖麻饼粕对不同作物土壤影响。
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区“草原英才”创新人才团队项目; 内蒙古自治区蓖麻育种与综合利用重点实验室建设项目; 内蒙古自治区中药材现代农牧业产业技术体系项目

Effects of castor cake meal fertilizer on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Cerasus humilis

LI Mingjing¹, HE Zhibiao², QIAO Wenjie², JIA Juanxia², Modeletu², ZHANG Zhiyong², LEI Fengyan³, WANG Guocheng⁴, ZHANG Xiaohua⁵, HUANG Fenglan^1,6,7,8,9

1. College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,China;
2. Tongliao Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Tongliao 028000,China;
3. Comprehensive Support Center of Tongliao Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau,Tongliao 028000,China;
4. Tongliao Center for Quality and Safety of Agricultural and Livestock Products,Tongliao 028000,China;
5. Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Bairin Left Banner,Bairin Left Banner 025450,China;
6. Inner Mongolia Castor Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities,Tongliao 028000,China;
7. Key Laboratory of Castor Breeding of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission,Tongliao 028000,China;
8. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Castor Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization,Tongliao 028000,China;
9. Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of Industrial Technology Innovation of Castor,Tongliao 028000,China

Received:2024-09-13 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-10-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究蓖麻饼粕肥对欧李土壤养分和酶活性的影响,为欧李种植提供新的施肥方案。【方法】以欧李品种京欧为试验材料,采用随机区组试验设计,以不施肥为对照（CK）,设置化肥（F）、牛粪（N）、蓖麻饼粕肥（B1、B2、B3、B4）处理,分析不同处理对欧李土壤养分及土壤酶活性的影响。【结果】B1、B2和B3处理的土壤pH值分别较CK显著降低2.1%、3.4%和1.2%,且显著低于N、F处理（P<0.05）;B2、B4处理的土壤有机质含量较CK提高19.2%、16.8%;B2、B3和B4处理的土壤全氮含量分别较F、N处理显著提高17.3%~24.8%和4.4%~11.0%（P<0.05）;B3处理的土壤全磷含量分别较F、N处理显著提高20.7%和14.7%（P<0.05）;B1、B2和B4处理的土壤碱解氮含量分别较F、N处理提高22.4%~39.4%和2.0%~16.2%;B1、B2、B3和B4处理的土壤碱性磷含量分别较F、N处理显著提高26.7%~193.4%和15.4%~163.2%（P<0.05）;B1、B2、B3和B4处理的土壤速效钾含量分别较F和N处理提高12.7%~60.6%和15.9%~65.2%。施用蓖麻饼粕肥显著提高了土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、酸性蛋白酶、酸性转化酶、蔗糖酶、N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶及亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性,降低了土壤硝酸还原酶活性。皮尔逊（Pearson）相关性分析表明,土壤养分与土壤酶活性之间存在不同程度的相关关系。【结论】蓖麻饼粕肥的使用改善了欧李土壤理化性质,与化肥和牛粪相比,蓖麻饼粕肥能够不同程度地调节欧李土壤pH值、提高土壤养分含量、增强土壤酶活性。

关键词: 蓖麻饼粕肥, 土壤养分, 土壤酶活性, 欧李

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the effects of castor cake meal fertilizer on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Cerasus humilis,providing a novel fertilization strategy for its cultivation.【Methods】Using the Cerasus humilis cultivar Jing'ou as the experimental material,a randomized block design was employed with no fertilization as the control（CK）and treatments including chemical fertilizer（F）,cattle manure（N）,and castor cake meal fertilizer（B1,B2,B3,B4）. The effects of these treatments on soil nutrients and enzyme activities were analyzed.【Results】Compared with CK,soil pH value in treatments B1,B2,and B3 significantly decreased by 2.1%,3.4%,and 1.2%,respectively,and was significantly lower than in treatments N and F（P<0.05）. Soil organic matter content in treatments B2 and B4 increased by 19.2% and 16.8%,respectively,compared with CK. Soil total nitrogen content in treatments B2,B3,and B4 was significantly higher than in treatments F and N by 17.3%-24.8% and 4.4%-11.0%,respectively（P<0.05）. Soil total phosphorus content in treatment B3 was significantly higher than in treatments F and N by 20.7% and 14.7%,respectively（P<0.05）. Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content in treatments B1,B2,and B4 increased by 22.4%-39.4% and 2.0%-16.2% compared with treatments F and N,respectively. Soil alkaline phosphorus content in treatments B1,B2,B3,and B4 was significantly higher than in treatments F and N by 26.7%-193.4% and 15.4%-163.2%,respectively（P<0.05）. Soil available potassium content in treatments B1,B2,B3,and B4 increased by 12.7%-60.6% and 15.9%-65.2% compared with treatments F and N,respectively. Application of castor cake meal fertilizer significantly enhanced the activities of soil urease,acid phosphatase,acid protease,acid invertase,sucrase,N-acetylglucosaminidase,and leucine aminopeptidase,while reducing soil nitrate reductase activity. Pearson correlation analysis revealed varying degrees of correlation between soil nutrients and enzyme activities.【Conclusion】The application of castor cake meal fertilizer improved the physicochemical properties of Cerasus humilis soil. Compared with chemical fertilizer and cattle manure,castor cake meal fertilizer effectively regulated soil pH value,increased soil nutrient content,and enhanced soil enzyme activity to varying extents.

Key words: Castor cake meal fertilizer, Soil nutrients, Soil enzyme activity, Cerasus humilis

中图分类号:

S158

李明静, 何智彪, 乔文杰, 贾娟霞, 莫德乐吐, 张智勇, 雷凤燕, 王国成, 张晓华, 黄凤兰. 蓖麻饼粕肥对欧李土壤养分和酶活性的影响[J]. 北方农业学报, 2025, 53(3): 35-46.

LI Mingjing, HE Zhibiao, QIAO Wenjie, JIA Juanxia, Modeletu, ZHANG Zhiyong, LEI Fengyan, WANG Guocheng, ZHANG Xiaohua, HUANG Fenglan. Effects of castor cake meal fertilizer on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Cerasus humilis[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2025, 53(3): 35-46.

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蓖麻饼粕肥对欧李土壤养分和酶活性的影响

Effects of castor cake meal fertilizer on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Cerasus humilis

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