Abstract: The sloped land conversion program,which is a system that covers all households,aims to improve ecological environment.In the western part of China,where the economy is relatively underdeveloped,implementing such projects must consider the balance between ecology and economy,and create a win-win situation for both.The paper focuses on the Ulanqab City in Inner Mongolia and explores performance of the sloped land conversion program through data collection and surveys on local farmers.The successful experience and problems remain involved is discussed.The paper also raises suggestions on stimulating farmers to conduct the policy,putting more importance on sustainable development and adding government support on related issues. The research of this paper has high academic value to underdeveloped areas in the field of ecological development.