呼伦贝尔市羊草割草地刈割技术对牧草产量及品质的影响

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2021.02.018

畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 97-102.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2021.02.018

呼伦贝尔市羊草割草地刈割技术对牧草产量及品质的影响

周忠义¹, 卫媛², 白玉婷³, 卻国萍³, 田野³, 卫智军³

1.牙克石市草原工作站,内蒙古牙克石 022150;
2.中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特 010010;
3.内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特 010018

收稿日期:2021-01-29 出版日期:2021-03-30 发布日期:2021-04-16
通讯作者: 卫智军（1957—）,男,教授,博士,主要研究方向为草地生态与草原管理。
作者简介:周忠义（1971—）,男,高级畜牧师,硕士,主要从事天然草原保护及人工草地建设和草原有毒有害生物监测与防治工作。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0500603）

Effect of Mowing Technique on Yield and Quality of Forage Grass in Leymus chinensis Mowing Meadow in Hulun Buir City

ZHOU Zhong-yi¹, WEI Yuan², BAI Yu-ting³, QUE Guo-ping³, TIAN Ye³, WEI Zhi-jun³

1. Grassland Work Station of Yakeshi City,Yakeshi 022150,China;
2. Grassland Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010,China;
3. Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018,China

Received:2021-01-29 Online:2021-03-30 Published:2021-04-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的] 阐明呼伦贝尔市羊草割草地刈割技术对牧草产量及品质的影响,确定适宜的刈割时期和刈割留茬高度,获得高产优质牧草,保证割草地稳定和可持续利用。[方法] 以呼伦贝尔市羊草割草地为研究对象,设置3个刈割时期和4个刈割高度（留茬高度）试验处理,采用野外观测与室内分析相结合的方法,进行不同刈割技术对植物群落地上生物量、牧草营养物质含量以及单位面积营养成分粗蛋白（CP）收获量影响的研究。[结果] 群落地上生物量受降雨因素影响年度间波动较大,刈割时期和刈割高度均影响牧草收获量。单位面积营养成分CP的收获量取决于群落地上生物量。早期刈割群落多样性指数较高,随着刈割高度的降低群落多样性指数呈上升趋势。8月15日左右刈割,且刈割高度为5 cm时单位面积营养成分CP的收获量较高。[结论] 刈割时期和刈割高度均影响牧草收获量,单位面积营养成分CP的收获量取决于群落地上生物量;呼伦贝尔市羊草割草地适宜的刈割时间为8月15日左右,刈割高度为5 cm左右比较合适;干旱年份刈割高度要适当降低。

关键词: 羊草割草地, 刈割技术, 牧草产量, 牧草品质

Abstract: [Objective] To clarify the effect of mowing technique on yield and quality of forage grass in Leymus chinensis mowing meadow in Hulun Buir City, to determine the appropriate mowing period and mowing height （stubble height）, to obtain forage grass with high yield and quality, and to ensure the stable and sustainable utilization of mowing meadow. [Method] The Leymus chinensis mowing meadow in Hulun Buir City was used as experimental object, and three mowing periods and four stubble heights were set up. Field observation and indoor analysis were used to investigate the effect of different mowing techniques on aboveground biomass of vegetation community, nutrient contents of forage grass, and yield of crude protein （CP） per unit area. [Result] The aboveground biomass of vegetation community was affected by rainfall and fluctuated greatly among years, and the forage grass yield was impacted by mowing period and stubble height. The yield of CP per unit area depended on aboveground biomass of vegetation community. The vegetation community diversity index of early mowing was higher, and it increased with the reduction of stubble height. The yield of CP per unit area was higher when the forage grass was mowed around August 15 with stubble height of 5 cm. [Conclusion] The mowing period and stubble height have impact on the yield of forage grass, and the aboveground biomass of vegetation community determines the yield of CP per unit area. The suitable mowing time of Leymus chinensis mowing meadow in Hulun Buir City is around August 15, and the suitable stubble height is about 5 cm. The stubble height should be reduced in drought years.

Key words: Leymus chinensis mowing meadow, mowing technique, forage grass yield, forage grass quality

中图分类号:

周忠义, 卫媛, 白玉婷, 卻国萍, 田野, 卫智军. 呼伦贝尔市羊草割草地刈割技术对牧草产量及品质的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2021, 42(2): 97-102.

ZHOU Zhong-yi, WEI Yuan, BAI Yu-ting, QUE Guo-ping, TIAN Ye, WEI Zhi-jun. Effect of Mowing Technique on Yield and Quality of Forage Grass in Leymus chinensis Mowing Meadow in Hulun Buir City[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2021, 42(2): 97-102.

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呼伦贝尔市羊草割草地刈割技术对牧草产量及品质的影响

Effect of Mowing Technique on Yield and Quality of Forage Grass in Leymus chinensis Mowing Meadow in Hulun Buir City

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