草食家畜母体营养对子代生命健康影响的研究进展

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2022.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 母体营养对胎儿基因表达的调节作用逐渐成为围产期生命营养科学研究的热点。妊娠期作为发育可塑性的关键窗口,甲基供体对胎儿发育的相关代谢基因起到修饰作用,表观遗传学可能涉及其中的分子机制。动物研究表明,母体营养供给不足或过剩都会限制胎儿的生长。结合国内外研究报道,探讨了草食家畜妊娠期母胎的营养需求、激素在稳态调节中发挥的作用以及妊娠期能量需求对妊娠健康的重要意义,概括了妊娠期草食动物营养在表观遗传学方面的研究进展,探讨了表观遗传相关技术在草食家畜育种中的应用,以期为制定草食动物妊娠期最佳营养策略、提高胚胎质量、培养高质量后代提供参考。

关键词: 胎儿, 程序化发育, 营养受限, 表观遗传

Abstract: The impacts of maternal nutrition on fetal gene expression has gradually become the focus in perinatal life nutrition research. The most important window of developmental plasticity is gestational period. Epigenetics may be implicated in the modification of metabolic genes associated with fetal development by methyl donors. In animal experiments, insufficient or excessive maternal nutrition has been proven to impede the fetal growth. By consulting the scientific reports abroad and in China, this paper discussed the maternal and fetal nutrition needs during gestational period, the roles of hormones in homeostasis regulation, and the importance of energy demands during gestational period on pregnancy health in herbivorous livestock. This paper also summarized the research progress of herbivores nutrition during gestational period in epigenetics, and discussed the application of epigenetic technologies in herbivorous livestock breeding, in hoping to provide references for formulating the best nutrition strategy for herbivores during gestational period, improving embryo quality, and breeding high-quality offspring.

Key words: fetus, programmed development, nutritional restriction, epigenetics

中图分类号:

S814.1

赫晓娜, 金鹿, 李胜利, 张春华, 桑丹, 张崇志, 孙海洲. 草食家畜母体营养对子代生命健康影响的研究进展[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2022, 43(1): 31-38.

HE Xiao-na, JIN Lu, LI Sheng-li, ZHANG Chun-hua, Sangdan, ZHANG Chong-zhi, SUN Hai-zhou. Research Advances on Effects of Maternal Nutrition on Life Health of Offspring in Herbivorous Livestock[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2022, 43(1): 31-38.

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