畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 88-94.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.04.012

• 动物遗传与繁育 • 上一篇    下一篇

布鲁拉美利奴羊繁殖性状遗传模型比较与参数估计

乔勒翻·巴合塔恒1, 闫娜娜1, 哈里马西·阿合力汗1, 吴伟伟2, 齐·阿拉达尔1   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;
    2.新疆畜牧科学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-22 出版日期:2025-07-30 发布日期:2025-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 齐·阿拉达尔(1978—),女,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为遗传育种与繁殖。吴伟伟(1981—),女,研究员,博士,主要研究方向为动物遗传育种。
  • 作者简介:乔勒翻·巴合塔恒(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为遗传育种与繁殖。闫娜娜(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为遗传育种与繁殖。乔勒翻·巴合塔恒、闫娜娜为共同第一作者。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项优质抗病绒毛羊新品种设计与培育(2023ZD0405101); 新疆维吾尔自治区现代产业技术体系(XJARS-09-06); 新疆维吾尔自治区肉毛兼用绒毛用羊品种选育提升计划(2024XJRMY-12)

Comparison of Genetic Models and Parameter Estimation for Reproductive Traits of Booroola Merino Sheep

Qiaolefan Bahetaheng1, YAN Nana1, Halimaxi Ahelihan1, WU Weiwei2, Qi Aladaer1   

  1. 1. College of Animal Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052,China;
    2. Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830052,China
  • Received:2025-05-22 Online:2025-07-30 Published:2025-10-28

摘要: [目的]探究布鲁拉美利奴羊繁殖性状的遗传参数估计及环境影响因素,解析多胎绵羊繁殖性状的遗传规律,为布鲁拉美利奴羊多胎品系选育提供依据。[方法]以某养殖公司布鲁拉美利奴羊为研究对象,对其繁殖性状进行遗传参数估计及模型筛选。收集羊群2 048条繁殖性状表型数据,涵盖胎平均初生重(ABW)、胎总产羔重(TBW)、妊娠天数(GD)、胎产羔数(NLF)、胎产活羔数(NSLF)等指标。运用SAS 9.2软件的GLM过程,对产羔年份、产羔季节、母羊年龄、产羔类型、场/群的固定效应进行分析。基于R软件的ASReml-R包,拟合4个不同的单性状动物模型[Model 1:y=Xb+Z1a+e;Model 2:y=Xb+Z1a+Z2m+e;Model 3:y=Xb+Z1a+Z2m+Z3c+e δa,m=0);Model 4:y=Xb+Z1a+Z2m+Z3c+e δa,m≠0)],估计繁殖性状的遗传参数,并通过赤池信息准则值(AIC)、贝叶斯信息准则值(BIC)以及似然比检验,筛选最优模型用于遗传评估。[结果]母羊年龄、产羔年份、产羔季节、场/群及产羔类型对ABW、TBW、GD、NLF、NSLF等繁殖性状均有不同程度影响;各性状的直接遗传力范围在0.010~0.174;模型4是评估ABW、GD和NLF的最佳模型,模型3则为评估TBW和NSLF的最佳模型。[结论]布鲁拉美利奴羊繁殖性状受环境因素调控明显,永久环境效应在羊繁殖研究中具有不可忽视的影响。研究结果为多胎细毛羊低遗传力性状的选育提供了重要的支持,有助于在实际养殖中制定更科学的选育策略,提高多胎细毛羊繁殖性能。

关键词: 布鲁拉美利奴羊, 动物模型, 繁殖性状, 遗传参数

Abstract: [Objective] To explore the estimation of genetic parameters of reproductive traits and environmental influencing factors in Booroola Merino sheep, to analyze the genetic patterns of reproductive traits in polytocous sheep, and to provide a basis for the selection and breeding of polytocous lines of Booroola Merino sheep. [Methods] Booroola Merino sheep from a commercial company were used as the research subject, and their reproductive traits were subjected to genetic parameter estimation and model selection. A total of 2,048 phenotypic data of reproductive traits were collected, covering average birth weight per litter (ABW), total birth weight per litter (TBW), gestation days (GD), number of lambs born per litter (NLF), and number of lambs born alive per litter (NSLF). The GLM procedure of SAS 9.2 software was used to analyze the fixed effects of lambing year, lambing season, ewe age, lambing type, and farm/flock. Based on the ASReml-R package of R software, four different single-trait animal models were fitted [Model 1: y=Xb+Z1a+e; Model 2: y=Xb+Z1a+Z2m+e; Model 3: y=Xb+Z1a+Z2m+Z3c+eδa,m=0); Model 4: y=Xb+Z1a+Z2m+Z3c+eδa,m≠0)], the genetic parameters of reproductive traits were estimated, and the optimal model for genetic evaluation was screened by Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and likelihood ratio test. [Results] Ewe age, lambing year, lambing season, farm/flock, and lambing type significantly influenced ABW, TBW, GD, NLF, and NSLF to varying degrees. Direct heritability estimates for these traits ranged from 0.010 to 0.174. Model 4 was identified as the optimal model for evaluating ABW, GD, and NLF, while Model 3 was the optimal model for evaluating TBW and NSLF. [Conclusion] Reproductive traits of Booroola Merino sheep are significantly influenced by environmental factors, with permanent environmental effects playing a non-negligible role in sheep reproduction studies. These findings provide important support for the selection and breeding of low-heritability reproductive traits in Multi-fetal Fine-wool sheep, facilitating the development of more scientific breeding strategies to enhance sheep reproductive performance in practical farming.

Key words: Booroola Merino sheep, animal model, reproductive traits, genetic parameters

中图分类号: