畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 13-13.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2017.09.005

• 基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

强制换羽对小型绿壳蛋种鸡生产性能的影响研究

黄炎坤[1];刘健[1];杨朋坤[1];马山才[2];张猛[1];蔡殿明[2];李凯源[2];范佳英[1]   

  1. [1]河南牧业经济学院动物科技学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南兴农牧业有限公司,河南漯河462412
  • 出版日期:2017-09-20 发布日期:2017-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 黄炎坤
  • 作者简介:黄炎坤(1962-),男,教授,硕士,主要从事家禽生产学的教学与科研工作. 通讯作者:范佳英(1974-),女,副教授,硕士,主要从事家禽生产学的教学与科研工作.
  • 基金资助:
    河南省财政厅推广项目“提高优质鸡生产能力配套技术研究与推广”(51000704)

Effect of Forced-molting on Productive Performance of Small-sized and Blue-shell Egg Population of Luohe Chickens

HUANG Yan-kun1, LIU Jian1, YANG Peng-kun1, MA Shan-cai2,ZHANG Meng1, CAI Dian-ming2,LI Kai- yuan2, FAN Jia-ying1(1.College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046 ,China; 2.Henan Xingnong Animal Husbandr^^ Co. Ltd., Luohe 462412 , China)   

  • Online:2017-09-20 Published:2017-09-20

摘要: 旨在评价饥饿法强制换羽技术在漯河麻鸡小型绿壳蛋种鸡上的应用效果,探讨停饲早期补饲粗石粉对强制换羽鸡群死淘率的影响。选取小型绿壳蛋种鸡12 299只,试验开始前1天标记100只鸡用于测定停饲期间的体重变化;试验第1-2天全群鸡停止饮水、停止喂料,试验第3-7天提供饮水但继续停止喂料,试验前4天对鸡群补饲粗石粉;从停料第8天开始对标记个体称重,当标记个体中有70%以上的个体体重下降幅度达到25%时即为开始恢复喂料的时间;测定并比较停饲期间和恢复喂料后15 d内不同阶段鸡群的死淘率以及粗石粉补饲鸡群和非补饲鸡群的死淘率,记录恢复喂料后鸡群第一次产蛋时间,计算停饲期间和恢复产蛋后6周内的产蛋率和破蛋率。结果表明,停饲20 d时鸡群的体重下降幅度为24.1%,接近符合恢复喂料的要求;在停饲末期,初始体重较小个体的失重率大于初始体重较大个体(P〈0.05或P〈0.01);停饲5-8 d鸡群的死淘率显著高于其他时段(P〈0.05),恢复喂料后0-3 d鸡群的死淘率显著或极显著高于其他时段(P〈0.05或P〈0.01),停饲期间和恢复喂料后15 d内鸡群的死淘率均低于1.1%,且粗石粉补饲鸡群的死淘率极显著低于相应的非补饲鸡群(P〈0.01);在停饲期间,粗石粉补饲鸡群的产蛋率下降幅度和破蛋率明显低于非补饲鸡群,恢复喂料后第10天鸡群内开始见蛋,第6周产蛋率超过50%,破蛋率随产蛋率的上升而下降。综上提示,饥饿法强制换羽技术在漯河麻鸡小型绿壳蛋种鸡上的应用效果良好,且停饲早期补饲粗石粉能够降低停饲期间和恢复喂料后15 d内鸡群的死淘率,提高停饲期间鸡群的产蛋率并降低破蛋率。

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible effect of forced-molting by starving on productive performance of small-sized and blue-shell egg population of Luohe Chickens, and to assess the possible influence of dietary supplementation of mineral meal in the initial period of starvation on culling and mortality of the forced-molting chickens population. A total of12 299 small-sized and blue-shell egg breeding Luohe Chickens were selected; one day before the beginning of the formal experiment, 100 of them were marked and used to determine the weight variation during the starvation period; the whole chickens population received no feeding and water on the 1^st and 2^nd day of the experiment; during the 3^rd to 7^th day, water was started to provide but no feeding was supplied, and the basil diet was supplemented with mineral meal on the first four days of the experiment; from the 8^th day of starvation period, the marked chickens were weighted and when the weight loss rate of up to 70% of the marked individuals reached to 25%, the feeding was resumed; the culling and mortality of the chickens population during starvation period and 15 days within feeding resuming period were determined and statistically assessed, and that of the mineral meal supplementation and non-supplementation chickens population were also statistically evaluated; the first laying time at the feeding resuming period was recorded, and the laying rate and broken egg rate during starvation period and 6 weeks within feeding resuming period were calculated. The results showed that the weight of the chickens population decreased by 24.1% after a 20-day-long starving treatment, meeting the requirement of feeding resuming; at the late stage of starvation period, the weight loss rate of the individuals with lower starting-weight was found significantly increased compared to that of the individuals with higher starting-weight(P〈0.05 or P〈0.01); a significantly higher culling and mortality was observed from 5~(th) to 8~(th) day during starvation period(P 0.05) and from 0 to 3^rd day during feeding resuming period(P 0.05 or P〈0.01); the culling and mortality of thechickens population during starvation period and 15 days within feeding resuming period was both lower than 1.1%; the mineral meal supplementation chickens population had significantly lower culling and mortality than the non-supplementation population at the two above-mentioned period(P〈0.01); during starvation period, the reduction of laying rate and broken egg rate in the mineral mealsupplementation population was obviously lower than that in the non-supplementation population; eggs were started to appear on the 10^th day of feeding resuming period, the laying rate exceeded 50% at the 6^th week, and the broken egg rate was declined with the increase of laying rate. The combined data suggest that the forced-molting technique by starving has a good application effect on the small-sized and blue-shell egg population of Luohe Chickens; furthermore, the dietary supplementation of mineral meal in the initial period of starvation reduces the culling and mortality of the chickens population during starvation period and 15 days within feeding resuming period, and improves the laying rate and decreases the broken egg rate during starvation period.

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