安徽省临泉县羊场常用饲料及饲料原料霉菌毒素污染的调查分析

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2024.01.006

畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 36-41.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2024.01.006

安徽省临泉县羊场常用饲料及饲料原料霉菌毒素污染的调查分析

张孟恩^1,2, 梁锐¹, 韩睿^1,2, 赵国宏¹, 庞训胜^1,2, 辛洪雷³, 李文涛³, 王世琴^1,2

1.安徽科技学院动物科学学院,安徽凤阳 233100;
2.动物营养调控与健康安徽省重点实验室,安徽凤阳 233100;
3.临泉县中原牧业发展中心,安徽临泉 236400

收稿日期:2023-09-17 出版日期:2024-01-30 发布日期:2024-03-14
通讯作者: 王世琴（1988—）,女,讲师,博士,硕士生导师,主要从事反刍动物营养研究工作。
作者简介:张孟恩（1998—）,男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为反刍动物营养。
基金资助:
临泉县牛羊产业创新基金项目（2020AK-LQ02）; 临泉县2021年度“肉羊产业+金融+科技”发展试点科技项目; 大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202210879074; S202210879188）

Investigation and Analysis of Mycotoxin Contamination of Common Feed and Feed Raw Materials in Sheep Farms in Linquan County,Anhui Province

ZHANG Meng′en^1,2, LIANG Rui¹, HAN Rui^1,2, ZHAO Guohong¹, PANG Xunsheng^1,2, XIN Honglei³, LI Wentao³, WANG Shiqin^1,2

1. College of Animal Science,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China;
2. Anhui Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health,Fengyang 233100,China;
3. Central Plains Animal Husbandry Development Center of Linquan County,Linquan 236400,China

Received:2023-09-17 Online:2024-01-30 Published:2024-03-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]了解安徽省临泉县规模化羊场常用饲料及饲料原料霉菌毒素污染情况。[方法]从安徽省临泉县22家存栏数在500只以上的规模化羊场采集8类饲料及饲料原料样品共55份,包括豆粕2份、小麦及麦麸6份、玉米10份、大豆皮2份、羔羊精料补充料13份、肉羊精料补充料8份、育肥羊全价配合饲料7份以及羊场自配饲料7份。利用荧光定量检测法快速检测饲料样品中黄曲霉素B₁（aflatoxin B₁,AFB₁）、玉米赤霉烯酮（zearalenone,ZEN）、呕吐毒素（deoxynivalenol,DON）含量,计算不同饲料样品中3种霉菌毒素的检出率和超标率。[结果]55份饲料及饲料原料样品中,AFB₁、ZEN和DON的总体检出率分别为50.90%、56.36%和69.09%,总体超标率分别为7.27%、5.45%和5.45%。在AFB₁检测方面,有5类样本检测结果呈阳性,其中,肉羊精料补充料的检出率最高,为75.00%;羔羊精料补充料和肉羊精料补充料超标,超标率分别为15.38%和12.50%;玉米的检出值最大,为53.5 μg/kg。在ZEN检测方面,有6类样本检测结果呈阳性,其中,羔羊精料补充料的检出率最高,为76.92%;小麦及麦麸、羔羊精料补充料、肉羊精料补充料超标,超标率分别为16.67%、7.69%、12.50%;肉羊精料补充料的检出值最大,为1 120 μg/kg。在DON检测方面,有6类样本检测结果呈阳性,其中,玉米的检出率最高,为90.00%;羔羊精料补充料超标率为23.08%,其他样本均未超标;肉羊精料补充料的检出值最大,为2 950 μg/kg。豆粕和大豆皮中3种霉菌毒素均未检出。[结论]临泉县羊场饲料及饲料原料中霉菌毒素污染形势较严峻,霉菌毒素污染的防控工作仍需进一步加强。

关键词: 饲料, 饲料原料, 黄曲霉毒素B₁, 玉米赤霉烯酮, 呕吐毒素

Abstract: [Objective] The aim of the present study was to understand the mycotoxin contamination of common feed and feed raw materials in large-scale sheep farms in Linquan County, Anhui Province. [Method] A total of 55 samples of 8 types of feed or feed raw materials were collected from 22 large-scale sheep farms with populations over 500 heads in Linquan County, Anhui Province, including 2 soybean meal samples, 6 wheat and wheat bran samples, 10 corn samples, 2 soybean hull samples, 13 lamb concentrate supplement samples, 8 mutton sheep concentrate supplement samples, 7 fattening sheep complete formula feed samples, and 7 sheep farm self-formulated feed samples. The contents of aflatoxin B₁ （AFB₁）, zearalenone （ZEN） and deoxynivalenol （DON） in the collected samples were determined using fluorescence quantitative detection method. The detection rates and exceeding rates of the three kinds of mycotoxins in the different types of samples were calculated. [Result] The overall detection rates of AFB₁, ZEN and DON in the 55 feed and feed raw material samples were 50.90%, 56.36% and 69.09%, respectively, and the overall exceeding rates were 7.27%, 5.45% and 5.45%, respectively. In the detection of AFB₁, 5 types of samples were positive, among which the detection rate of mutton sheep concentrate supplement was the highest （75.00%）; lamb concentrate supplement and mutton sheep concentrate supplement exceeded the standard, with exceeding rates of 15.38% and 12.50%, respectively; corn had the highest detection value of 53.5 μg/kg. In terms of ZEN detection, 6 types of samples were positive, among which the detection rate of lamb concentrate supplement was the highest （76.92%）; wheat and wheat bran, lamb concentrate supplement and mutton sheep concentrate supplement exceeded the standard, and the exceeding rates were 16.67%, 7.69% and 12.50%, respectively; the detection value of mutton sheep concentrate supplement was the highest, at 1 120 μg/kg. As for the detection of DON, 6 types of samples were positive, among which corn had the highest detection rate （90.00%）; lamb concentrate supplement exceeded the standard, with an exceeding rate of 23.08%, and the other samples did not exceed the standard; the detection value of mutton sheep concentrate supplement was the highest, at 2 950 μg/kg. Non of the three kinds of mycotoxins were detected in soybean meal and soybean hull. [Conclusion] The mycotoxin contamination in feed and feed raw materials in sheep farms in Linquan County is relatively serious, and the prevention and control of mycotoxin contamination need to be further strengthened.

Key words: feed, feed raw material, aflatoxin B₁, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol

中图分类号:

S816.4

张孟恩, 梁锐, 韩睿, 赵国宏, 庞训胜, 辛洪雷, 李文涛, 王世琴. 安徽省临泉县羊场常用饲料及饲料原料霉菌毒素污染的调查分析[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2024, 45(1): 36-41.

ZHANG Meng′en, LIANG Rui, HAN Rui, ZHAO Guohong, PANG Xunsheng, XIN Honglei, LI Wentao, WANG Shiqin. Investigation and Analysis of Mycotoxin Contamination of Common Feed and Feed Raw Materials in Sheep Farms in Linquan County,Anhui Province[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2024, 45(1): 36-41.

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安徽省临泉县羊场常用饲料及饲料原料霉菌毒素污染的调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Mycotoxin Contamination of Common Feed and Feed Raw Materials in Sheep Farms in Linquan County,Anhui Province

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