饲料中常见霉菌毒素污染情况及其对畜禽毒性作用的研究进展

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2023.04.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

霉菌毒素是谷物中真菌产生的次级代谢产物，常存在于被污染的畜禽饲料及饲料原料中。饲料样品中常见的霉菌毒素包括黄曲霉毒素B₁（aflatoxin B₁，AFB₁）、赭曲霉毒素A（ochratoxin A，OTA）、玉米赤霉烯酮（zearalenone，ZEA）、呕吐毒素（deoxynivalenol，DON）和伏马毒素（fumonisin，FUM）。霉菌毒素可损害畜禽的免疫系统及生殖功能，接触到霉菌毒素的组织如肾脏、肝脏、肠道，会发生病理变化，影响畜禽健康。介绍了畜禽饲料及饲料原料中常见的霉菌毒素种类及污染现状，综述了霉菌毒素对畜禽毒性作用的研究进展，提出了相应的防控措施，以期为减少畜禽生产中霉菌毒素污染造成的危害提供参考。

关键词: 饲料, 霉菌毒素, 污染情况, 毒性作用

Abstract:

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi in grains and are often present in the contaminated livestock and poultry feed and feed raw materials. The mycotoxins commonly found in the feed samples include aflatoxin B₁（AFB₁）, ochratoxin A （OTA）, zearalenone （ZEA）, deoxynivalenol （DON）, and fumonisin （FUM）. Mycotoxins damage the immune system and reproductive function of livestock and poultry, and cause pathological alterations in the organs such as kidney, liver, and intestinal tract, affecting the health of livestock and poultry. This paper introduces the types and contamination situation of the commonly observed mycotoxins in livestock and poultry feed and feed raw materials, summarizes the research progress in the toxic effects of mycotoxins on livestock and poultry, and proposes corresponding prevention and control measures, in hoping to provide references for minimizing the harm caused by mycotoxin contamination in livestock and poultry production.

Key words: feed, mycotoxin, contamination situation, toxic effect

中图分类号:

S859.87

刘秋瑾, 尹珺伊, 张军, 王岩, 白长胜, 田秋丰, 王欢, 薛沾枚, 苗艳. 饲料中常见霉菌毒素污染情况及其对畜禽毒性作用的研究进展[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2023, 44(4): 47-54.

LIU Qiujin, YIN Junyi, ZHANG Jun, WANG Yan, BAI Changsheng, TIAN Qiufeng, WANG Huan, XUE Zhanmei, MIAO Yan. Research Progress in Common Mycotoxins Contamination in Feed and the Toxic Effects on Livestock and Poultry[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2023, 44(4): 47-54.

图/表 1

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