Abstract: The sandy grassland in Keerqin is an important distribution area of natural meadow in semiarid district. Based on the current situation of the meadow in this region, the grassland vegetation of natural meadow in Keerqin district under different mowing frequency was characterized by using randomized complete block design. The results revealed that the community structure and biomass significantly changed under different mowing frequency. The proportion of biomass of Leymus chinensis accounting for community total biomass was reduced in twice mowing treatment and was decreased by 23.87%compared with that in single mowing treatment. The biomass of Chloris virgate and Sonchus arvensis （annual forage） in twice mowing treatment were increased by 14.17%and 12.98%compared with that in single mowing treatment, respectively. From the aspect of grass yield, the hay yield in single mowing treatment was slightly higher than that in twice mowing treatment, but the fresh grass yield in twice mowing treatment was higher than that in single mowing treatment. The net income in single mowing treatment was 403.10 Yuan/hm 2 higher than that in twice mowing treatment. The combined data showed that the twice mowing treatment reduced the amount of perennial forage in the community, promoted the propagation of annual forage and also increased the input. The results obtained in this study suggest that single mowing per year is beneficial to the stability, regeneration and biomass increasement of plant community structure in natural meadow in Keerqin district.