Abstract: Using the climate, water resources and other related data collected in typical area of Horqin Sandy Land from 1961 to2010, the influence of climate change on water resources in this region were analyzed. The results showed that with the decadal variations, a tendency of elevated temperature and reduced precipitation was observed, which was considered as a causative reason for the water resources shortage crisis in this region characterized by the decreasing water resources, dropping water level and deteriorated water quality. Especially since the year of 1995, under the background of dramatic climate warming, the continuously decreased precipitation exacerbated the destruction on water resources environment from human. Furthermore, the quantity of passing-by water was reduced and the dry-out of rivers and dry of reservoirs is serious. The protection of water resources environment has become the inevitable requirement of social sustainable development.