Abstract: Bayannur is a traditional and important agricultural production region in Inner Mongolia. In this region, there were 735600 hm^2 planting area of crops. The theoretical yield of straw from wheat, maize, sunflower and processed tomato reached up to 6.0209 million tons, and the available yield reached 3.1804 million tons in Bayannur. However, the current utilization of the straw in this region are still restricted to the extensive ways, such as mechanized returning farmland and animal husbandry returning farmland through abdomen. Furthermore, there are few studies on straw utilization in the field of energy conversion and industrial raw material development. The straw utilization status in Bayannur was introduced, and suggestions were put forward in view of the existing problems in straw utilization, in hoping to provide references for improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of straw in this region.