Abstract: Fatty acid-binding proteins （FABPs） are members of a superfamily of lipid-binding proteins,occur in animal cytoplasm widely, and undertake the transportation of fatty acids in cells. With the depth of the scientific research, FABPs gene polymorphism can regulate fat metabolism, thus improve the quality of animal products, improve the utilization rate of feed and reduce pollution to environment. The structure and type of FABPs, the effect of FABPs on fat metabolism, FABPs gene polymorphism and its application in improving the role of livestock quality, efficacy and application characteristics were discussed in order to orovide reference for imorovin~ livestock culture technoloa, v.