Multivariate analysis was performed on the data of 12 mineral elements from four parts of Yak＇s bone （Tibetan medicine） based on factor analysis theory. The results showed two principal factors should be used to explain the relationship among these mineral elements, thus reducing variables.

In order to get probiotics adapting to local environments, a Bacillus strain was isolated from local soil and identified to be a Bacillus cereus. Its growth at different pH and different temperature was observed through safety test and resistance test. And drug sensitive test was also performed. The results showed that the strain was innoxious and had resistance. In addition, the optimal pH value was 6-8, and the best temperature was 37℃. So it may be used as a probiotie bacterium for further research about micro-ecological agent.

The morphological observation of the cerebrums of 3-month-old yaks provided morphological information for further exploration of yak nervous system＇s adaptability to areticalpine hypoxic environment. Through anatomical methods, the cerebrums of four 3-month-old yaks were dissected, observed, described, and drawn. As shown by the results, the cerebrums of yak calves were flat, and the gaps between gyri and sulci were not clear. The cerebrums were fiat in the first half and expanded to both sides in dorsolateral central part of cerebrums. There was a short small sulus, deep or shallow, in the lateral fossa of cerebrum. The optic ehiasm was obtuse. So there were significant differences between the cerebrum of 3-month-old yaks and that of adult yaks.

The antibodies against avian flu were detected respectively with the erythrocytes from the same kinds of waterfowl and the chicken erythrocytes treated with waterfowl serum. The results showed that the level of antibodies against avian flu in geese and ducks detected with chicken erythroeytes were （2~4）Log2 lower than that detected with goose erythmcytes or duck erythrocytes. When the avian flu antibodies were lower than 4 Log2, the antibodies were not detected with chicken erythmeytes by HI test. To detect the avian flu antibodies with waterfowl erythrocytes in the same kind of waterfowl may completely eliminate the impact of non-specific agglutination factor on detection.

Quorum-sensing are widespread in microbes. The conception ,mechanism and application of quorum- sensing are discussed in this paper. Key words： bacteria; fungi ; quorum-sensing

As model organism ,A spergillus nidulans, a kind of filamentous fungi, possesses much more advantages compared to animals. The plasmodieresis of cell is the hotspot in recent biological research, and plasmodieresis of the filamentous fungi is achieved by the formation of septum. During the study on the plasmodieresis of Aspergillus nidulans, a regulatory pathway has been found. Various proteins were involved in this pathway, and played an important role in the regulation of plasmodieresis of Aspergillus nidulans . This article summed up the researches on the plasmodieresis ofAspergillus nidulans from this angle, which will offer the reference for the further study and use of A spergillus nidulans.

A total of 2 800 273-day-old healthy parental brown Roman breeding layers were randomly divided into five groups. The group Ⅰ was the control group, and the groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ were the experimental groups. The trial last for seven weeks, one week of which was pre-feeding period and six weeks of which was experimental period. The Yikang XP was added to the diet of the experimental groups （ Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ, and Ⅴ） at the ratio of 0.15 %, 0.25 %, 0.3 %, and 0.5 %, respectively. And the chickens of group I were fed with the basal diet. The results showed that the addition of Yikang XP at the ratio of 0.3 % promoted the laying rate of breeding layers and reduced feed intake.

To study the effects of cureumin on abdominal fat deposition, 120 one-day-old Huainan chickens were randomly, divided into two groups （group A and group B）with three duplicates in each group. The chickens of group A was the control kept with basal diet, and those in group B was fed with basal diet containing curcumin at the concentration of 350 mg/kg diet. The percentage of abdominal fat, subcutaneous fat thickness, and intramuscular fat width of the 28-day-old Huainan chickens respectively decreased by 3.91%, 4.13 %, and 52.01%, compared with these indexes of the control group. The content of serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides respectively decreased by 19.31%, 13.68 %, and 12.90 %, while that of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and free fatty acids increased by 20.29 % and 12.28 %, respectively. The percentage of abdominal fat, subcutaneous fat thickness, and intramuscular fat width of the 42-day-old Huainan chickens respectively decreased by 34.48 %, 23.65 % and 27.35 %, compared with these indexes of the control group. The content of serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides respectively decreased by 23.22 %, 10.08 %, and 12.09 %, while that of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and free fatty acids increased by 43.45 % and 13.58 %, respectively. The percentage of abdominal fat, subcutaneous fat thickness, and intramuscular fat width of the 56-day-old Huainan chickens respectively decreased by 63.67 %, 15.13 % and 42.33 %, compared with these indexes of the control group. The content of serum cholesterol and triglyeerides respectively decreased by 27.03 % and 37.33 %, while that of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not significantly decreased. The content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and free fatty acids increased by 68.31% and 24.71%, respectively.

With the increasing amount of the corn in alcohol production, a lot of by-products called Corn DDGS are produced. Corn DDGS is a valuable component of forage, because it reserves the protein and other nutrient components of the original corn to the utmost extent, and also because the nutrition and active factor of Qu saccharification and yeast are involved. So it is a good raw material of protein forage with high protein, high nutrition and no antinutritive factor. The paper mainly summarizes the four aspects of DDGS including its composition, nutritional characteristics, application status in animal diet, and application prospect.

In order to increase the income of farmers and agricultural production and also improve the quality of agricultural products, corn fertilizer tests were performed, and the fertilization index system of Weining County, Guizhou Province was established. The nitrogen rate of plots with different fertility was as follows： nitrogen 10.77-20.19 kg/667m^2, P2O5 2.48-9.43 kg/667m^2,K2O 6.90~21.70 kg/667m^2. In accordance with the test results of soil samples, the total amount of fertilizer was follows： organic fertilizer 1 000 kg/667m^2, pure nitrogen 16-18 kg/667m^2, P2O5 3.5-4.5 kg/667m^2,K2O 12-13 kg/667m^2. A fertilization index system was established in Weining County.①Fertilizer： organic fertilizer 1 000 kg/667m^2, pure nitrogen 10.77-20.19 kg/667m^2, P2O5 2.48-9.43 kg/667m^2,K2O 6.90- 21.70 kg/667m^2. ②Fertilizer varieties： fertilizer or compound fertilizer was prior to be used, and organic fertilizer was paid attention.③ Fertilization time and proportion： basic fertilizer was composed of 100 % organic fertilizer, 100 % phosphate fertilizer, 40 % nitrogen fertilizer, and 60 % potash fertilizer. Seedling fertilizer was 30 % nitrogen fertilizer. Granular fertilizer was 40 % potash fertilizer.④ Fertilization method： the basal fertilizer should be deeply applied and covered soil. The topdressing should be applied by placement or spraymg.

The amino acid composition and fatty acid composition of muscle were studied in two pig breeds, that is, the native Dahe pig and the developed Dahewu pig, which is improved by cross-breeding between Duroc and Dahe pig. The Dahe pigs are famous for its excellent meat quality. The results indicated that the muscle of Dahe pigs and Dahewu pigs was rich in amino acid. The content of Glu was the highest, reaching 12.119 % and 12.320 % in Dahe pigs and Dahewu pigs, respectively. The content of Met and Pro was the lowest, respectively reaching 1.753 % and 2.535 % in Dahe pigs and respectively reaching 1.792 % and 2.566 % in Dahewu pigs. There were not significant differences in the amino acid composition between the two pig breeds （P〉0.05）.The Myf-6 gene influencing muscular differentiation was used a candidate gene to study the distribution of Myf-6 gene in the two pig breeds. And the relationship between Myf-6 gene and the amino acid composition of muscle was also analyzed. The results showed that there was not significant difference in the amino acid composition of muscle （P〉0.05）between AA homozygous individual and AB heterozygous individual.

Early production traits and wool traits of Aohan fine-wool sheep was analyzed by BLUP method of animal model.Model （ 1 ） is suitable for estimation of yearling weight, hair length at weaning and wool fineness at weaning. Model （4） is suitable for estimation of birth weight and weight at weaning. Model （5） is suitable for estimation of hair production, weight and hair length. Model （7） is suitable for estimation of wool fineness, wool bend score, wool density score and wool oil.

RNA interference （RNAi） is an ancient and highly conservative phenomenon during biological evolution. It is also one of the important mechanisms of post-transcriptional gene silencing （PTGS）- h can directionally close a gene and prevent its functions in vivo, not affecting the functions of other genes at the same time. This is propitious to study the functionds of particular genes. Therefore, RNAi has broad application prospects in gene function, gene therapy and drug development in the post-genome era.

DNA bar code, a special DNA sequence used in species identification, has become a focus in biological taxonomy research in recent years. It has been wide applied in zoological taxonomy. And the used DNA sequence was the partial sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase gene No. I （CO I ）.The progress of DNA bar code is relatively slow in botanical taxonomy. The proposed fragments of chloroplast DNA including rpoB, rpoC1, mark and rbcL were compared and evaluated at present. The paper illustrates present application, existing problems and possible tendency of DNA bar code in biological taxonomy.

DHA （doeosa hexaenoic acid）, as one of important polyunsaturated fatty acids, plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of a variety of human diseases. However, because the oxidation of DHA at RT is easy, the now applied methods and technologies of adding DHA into milk need expensive equipment and raw materials as well as high-level production processes, causing great risk of production and increasing production costs. This paper mainly presents the possibility of adding DHA into milk by the simple pre-emulsion technology.

Whey is the by-product of cheese and casein in industry. It contains a variety of nutrients and can be used as the raw materials of beverages. The nutritional value of whey and the various types of whey beverages were introduced. And the characteristics of whey beverages were compared. It had been pointed out that the whey beverages had broad development prospects.

Nitrite poisoning is one of common food poisoning, and it causes very serious toxicological effects on human health. The paper comprehensively summarizes the risk of nitrite from four aspects, that is, hazard identification, hazard description, exposure assessment and risk description. And the suggestions for risk management were put forward.

The production data were recorded by computer software in large-scale pig farms, and the collected data were timely inspected. The management of pig farms with computer software increased the number of listed pigs given birth by each sow as well as the production performance of sow. As shown by the survey, the delivery rate reached 78.55 % in 2007, 11.61% higher than in 2006. The birth interval was 154.3 d, 23.75 d shorter than in 2006. The number of weaning healthy piglets was 23.20, 3.77 piglets more than in 2006.

In order to improve the productive efficiency of Boer goat, the audio-visual monitoring was carried out in the early pregnancy of Boer goat through B-type ultrasonic diagnostic techniques. And the diagnosis of early pregnancy and the number of pregnancy was studied. The results showed that the Boer goat in early pregnancy （during the first 40 d of gestation） should be diagnosed mainly by rectal palpation and secondarily by abdominal examination. After 40 d of gestation, the fetus was clearly visible as shown by abdominal examination, and abdominal examination was the main diagnostic method. The accuracy rate of pregnancy diagnosis, twin diagnosis, and single-fetus diagnosis was 100 %, 100 % and 81.8 %, respectively.

The article expounds the development of climate of animal husbandry at home and abroad, the research trends and research features of climate of animal husbandry, animal environmental climate, climate damages to animal husbandry, the research direction of climate of animal husbandry in China in the future.

The production, processing and trade of cattle, pigs, sheep and eggs have formed a certain scale in Huaihe River Basin in modem times. The production and trade of fresh water aquaculture, fishing industry and offshore fisheries have been steadily developed. This is not only an important part of the development of commodity economy in rural areas of Hualhe River Basin in modem times but also the important performance of the transition of animal husbandry and aquaculture to the commercial production.

With the development of socio-economic and the acceleration of urbanization process, the independence, closure, and individuality of ur ban families and the aging of population have become increasingly prominent in China. And the ways of leisure, consumption, and emotional sustenance of residents have increasingly diversified. Aiming at a series of social problems caused by the increasing number of pets, the paper presents the problems of keeping pets in urban and rural areas and also put forward the improved measures.

The breeding enterprises in Shangqiu district were investigated in order to know the present situation and problems of animal husbandry in Shangqiu district in recent years. The results indicated the animal husbandry in Shangqiu district was mainly the cuhivation of pigs, cows and sheep, due to its unique geographical position and resource advantage. The breeding scale was different, and the quantity increased with years （2006, 2007, and 2008）. There were many problems such as insufficient funds, few improved varieties, low diversity of forage resource and category, and the lack of ecological and healthy culture. The corresponding solution and suggestions were put forward.

The connotation of new socialist countryside construction model and the existing research were analyzed to study the new socialist countryside construction model in pastoral area in Jilin Province as well as the safeguard measures. This may provide useful reference for the building of new socialist rural areas of Jilin Province.

Cycling agriculture is an important part of circular economy in China. The paper presents that the cycling agriculture model based on composting project is an important pattern which appeals agricultural development of China at present. The paper also discuss- es the structure of this model and its economic, social and environmental benefits. The development potential of this model was analyzed. Some advice about the policy to generalize this model was given.

In order to investigate current condition of pullorum disease infection in Yinehuan city, 1 702 chickens were selected randomly from different farms and households during 2007-2009. Their sera were separated and then detected by plate agglutination test （PAT）. The results showed that the average positive rate was 6.46 % （110/1702）. The statistical results showed that the infection rate in scale chicken farms was lower than that in small chicken farms and households （P〈0.05）. The infection rate did not have relationship with species, age, and breeding model. During this period, the infection rate gradually declined （P〈0.05）. The reasons were analyzed with the investigation results, and the advice and measures for integrated control were put forward.

The effect of phytohemagglutinin on the immune efficacy of Newcastle disease vaccine was studied with Avian chickens as experimental animals. After the maternal antibody level was detected, 90 chickens with antibody level of 2.5 log2 were selected and randomly divided into three groups, that is, the control group, the single immune group, and the PHA group. The chickens of the single immune group and the PHA group were immunized with LaSota attenuated vaccine, when they were 7-day-old and 21-day-old. And each chicken of the PHA group were administrated 0.01 ml PHA via intramuscular injection. The titers of antibodies against NDV were respectively determined at 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 d post the first inoculation. The results showed that the HI antibody titers against NDV were higher in PHA group than in another two groups with significant difference （P〈0.05）, indicating PHA may greatly strengthen the immune efficacy of LaSota attenuated vaccine on chickens.

The necessary key technologies were discussed in detail from the various aspects of pretreating process influencing the quality of marten, such as peeling time, slaughtering method, peeling method, wash, air-cure, storage and packaging. The paper suggests that the control of human factors should be strengthened during the pretreating process in order to produce high-quality marten.

This essay presents a new teaching system and program in Forages cultivation teaching through reformation of the old teaching content, teaching method, teaching means, field practice and lab experiment, with the purpose of getting better teaching quality.

The ability refers to the overall performance of specific ways and psychological characteristics to successfully complete certain activities. The ability of science students was developed through the teaching of biology so as to improve their ability of observation, experiment, reading, self-learning and thinking.

The problems in practical teaching system for higher vocational veterinary medicine and the purpose of modeling were introduced, in order to improve students＇ practical ability, ability to solve problems in production ＂practice, and organization capacity. And to strengthen the teaching practice was studied as a main way to improve the quality of teaching, so as to gradually establish the practical teaching system for higher vocational veterinary medicine during the strengthening of teaching practice.

Veterinary clinical and diagnostic sciences is a subject about diagnostic methods and theory of disease in the viewpcint of clinical practice. It is the basis and premise of clinical -prevention and treatment. In clinical teaching, the reform of teaching methods enables students to master the basic theory of knowledge and apply the learned knowledge in clinical practice, thus fundamentally improving the teaching effectiveness of Veterinary clinical and diagnostic sciences.

The teaching problems of Animal nutrition and feed science for minority students in Xinjiang were analyzed. And some views and methods were put forward for them to learn the curriculum.

The change of rearing system from ground tearing to cage rearing was carried out in early spring in 12 goose-raising specialized households. The average survival rate was raised from 84.7 % in ground-rearing system to 96.6 % in cage-rearing, and the average weight of single 3-week-old gosling was increased by 34 %. The resistance to disease was greatly increased, and the finishing period was shortened, indicating very obvious effects.

The growth of fruit tree, fruit production and fruit quality are closely related with environmental conditions of orchard, so the establishment of high-quality orchard is important for high benefit. The paper mainly presents the improvement of soil, drainage, water storage, and other technical measures.

Nettle （Urtica L.） is one kind of perennial herb. It is widely distributed and has rich nutrients and a variety of active ingredients. The whole plant may be medicine, and it also can be used as the raw materials of vegetables, feed, textile and rope, showing broad development prospect. The paper presents the distribution, biological characteristics, chemical components, nutrient and feeding value, as well as toxicity of nettle.