北方农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 117-126.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2022.02.15

• 植物保护·水产 • 上一篇    下一篇

居延海浮游生物资源调查及鲢、鳙鱼产力评估

曾亚英, 李曙光, 李晓静, 李锦瑞, 斯琴高娃   

  1. 阿拉善盟农畜产品质量安全中心,内蒙古 巴彦浩特 750306
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-25 修回日期:2022-03-24 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 李曙光(1988—),男,农艺师,博士,主要从事农业面源污染的治理和农畜产品质量安全风险评估的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:曾亚英(1987—),女,工程师,硕士,主要从事水生生物和农畜产品安全的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    阿拉善盟科技局项目(AMYY2020-18)

Investigation on the plankton resource and assessment for the yield of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis in Juyan lake

ZENG Yaying, LI Shuguang, LI Xiaojing, LI Jinrui, Siqingaowa   

  1. Alagxa League Agricultural and Livestock Product Quality and Safety Center,Bayanhot 750306,China
  • Received:2022-02-25 Revised:2022-03-24 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-06-20

摘要: 【目的】了解居延海浮游生物资源现状,明确居延海水体营养状况和鲢、鳙鱼产力。【方法】按照《淡水浮游生物调查技术规范》(SC/T 9402—2010)调查方法,于2020年11月—2021年9月对居延海浮游生物资源状况进行调查,并根据浮游生物量对居延海鲢、鳙鱼产力进行评估。【结果】居延海有浮游植物63种,隶属6个门,主要门类为硅藻门29种、绿藻门21种、蓝藻门6种;平均密度为16.39万个/L,平均生物量为0.52 mg/L;群落结构中优势种有16种,主要是针杆藻、舟形藻、镰形纤维藻等。浮游动物22种,其中,轮虫类16种、桡足类6种;平均密度为87.30个/L,平均生物量为0.61 mg/L;群落结构中优势种有17种,主要是臂尾轮属、晶囊轮虫属、英勇剑水蚤等。根据浮游生物量估算居延海鲢、鳙鱼产力为33.04~38.12 t。【结论】根据浮游生物量判断居延海水体属于贫营养型水体,从浮游生物群落结构判断居延海水体属于富营养型水体;居延海鲢、鳙鱼产力估算数据远高于居延海中鲢、鳙鱼的实际数量,说明目前居延海浮游生物的利用程度较低,生产潜力较大。

关键词: 居延海, 浮游生物, 优势种, 鲢鱼, 鳙鱼, 鱼产力

Abstract: 【Objective】Understand the current state of plankton resources in the Juyan lake as well as the water nutritional status and the productivity of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis.【Methods】The plankton resources in Juyan lake were investigated from November 2020 to September 2021 following the Technical Specification for Freshwater Plankton Investigation(SC/T 9402—2010). The productivity of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis in Juyan lake was evaluated based on the plankton biomass.【Results】In the Juyan lake,there are 63 phytoplankton species belonging to six phyla. The majority are 29 species of Bacillariophyta,21 species of Chlorophyta and 6 species of Cyanophyta. The average density is 163 900 ind/L,and the average biomass is 0.52 mg/L. The community structure is dominated by 16 major species,including Symedra sp.,Navicula sp.,and Ankistrodesmus falcatus. There are 22 zooplankton species,including 16 Rotifera species and 6 Cladocera species,with an average density of 87.30 ind/L,and average biomass of 0.61 mg/L. The community structure is dominated by 17 prominent species,including Brachionus sp.,Asplanchna sp. and Cyclops strennus. The yield of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis is estimated to be 33.04-38.12 t based on the plankton biomass in the lake.【Conclusion】 According to the biomass of plankton in Juyan lake,it was oligotrophic. However,the plankton population pattern revealed that Juyan lake was eutrophic. The predicted productivity of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis in Juyan lake is substantially higher than the actual quantity,indicating that the plankton in the Juyan lake is underutilized and has significant potential.

Key words: Juyan lake, Plankton, Dominant species, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis, Fish productivity

中图分类号: 

  • S932