居延海浮游生物群落特征与水质评价

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2022.03.13

北方农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3): 95-103.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2022.03.13

居延海浮游生物群落特征与水质评价

曾亚英¹, 王晓清², 杜海波³, 阿拉腾格日勒¹, 吴芳¹, 肖何威², 徐启昂²

1.内蒙古阿拉善盟农畜产品质量安全中心,内蒙古巴彦浩特 750306;
2.湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙 410128;
3.内蒙古阿拉善盟腾格里经济技术开发区综合行政执法局,内蒙古嘉尔嘎勒赛罕 730712

收稿日期:2022-04-20 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-08-09
通讯作者: 王晓清（1964—）,男,教授,博士,博士生导师,主要从事水生生物学及水产经济动物育种与增养殖的研究工作。
作者简介:曾亚英（1987—）,女,工程师,硕士研究生,主要从事水生生物学和农畜产品安全的研究工作。
基金资助:
阿拉善盟科技局项目（AMYY2020-18）

Community characteristics of plankton and water quality evaluation in Juyan Lake

ZENG Yaying¹, WANG Xiaoqing², DU Haibo³, Alatenggerile¹, WU Fang¹, XIAO Hewei², XU Qi′ang²

1. Alagxa League Center for Quality and Safety of Agricultural and Livestock Products,Bayanhot 750306,China;
2. College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;
3. Alagxa League Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau of Tenggeli Economic and Technological Development Zone,Jargal Khalkhan 730712,China

Received:2022-04-20 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-08-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】分析居延海浮游生物的种类、密度、生物量及多样性等群落特征,结合优势浮游生物与水质理化指标对居延海水质进行评价。【方法】按照《内陆水域渔业自然资源调查手册》中水质调查方法和《淡水浮游生物调查技术规范》（SC/T 9402—2010）中浮游生物调查方法,于2020年11月—2021年9月对居延海13项水质理化指标和浮游生物资源状况进行采样分析。【结果】调查期间,居延海水体透明度为0.45~1.08 m,总氮为0.97~2.48 mg/L,总磷、总氮营养状态指数分别为33.79~35.09、54.01~69.92。共检出浮游植物6门63种,优势种16种,密度为23.65万~39.26万个/L,生物量为0.30~1.04 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为2.53~2.88,丰富度指数为2.64~3.08;共检出浮游动物2门22种,优势种17种,密度为35.98~131.95个/L,生物量为0.27~1.12 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为2.80~3.23,丰富度指数为2.35~2.93。检出α-多污带指示生物2种,β-多污带指示生物2种,α-中污带指示生物9种,β-中污带指示生物8种,寡污带指示生物2种。【结论】居延海理化指标显示水体呈富营养状态,主要表现为氮超标严重;浮游生物生物量显示居延海水体呈贫营养状态;浮游植物密度显示水体呈贫-中营养状态;浮游生物优势种、污染指示种、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均显示居延海水体呈中营养或中富营养状态。综合分析,居延海水质属中营养状态。

关键词: 居延海, 浮游生物, 群落特征, 水质评价

Abstract: 【Objective】Analyze the species,density,biomass,diversity and other community characteristics of plankton in combination with the assess of dominant plankton and water quality physical and chemical indicators to evaluate the water quality of Juyan Lake. 【Methods】From November 2020 to September 2021,13 physical and chemical indicators of water quality as well as plankton resources in the Juyan Lake were sampled and analyzed in accordance with Handbook of Fishery Natural Resources Investigation in Inland Waters and Technical Specification for Freshwater Plankton Investigation（SC/T 9402—2010）. 【Results】 In the survey duration,the transparency of Juyan Lake water body was 0.45-1.08 m,the total nitrogen was 0.97-2.48 mg/L,and the total phosphorus and nitrogen nutritional status indices were 33.79-35.09 and 54.01-69.92 respectively. 6 phyla and 63 species of phytoplankton were identified,including 16 dominant species with densities of 236 500 to 392 600 per liter,biomass of 0.30 to 1.04 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 2.53 to 2.88 and the richness indices of 2.64 to 3.08. 2 phyla and 22 species of zooplankton were identified,including 17 dominant species,with densities of 35.98 to 131.95 per liter,biomass of 0.27 to 1.12 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 2.80 to 3.23,and the richness indices of 2.35 to 2.93. Two species of α-polysaprobic zone indicator organisms and two species of β-polysaprobic zone indicator organisms,nine species of α-mesosaprobic zone indicator organisms and eight species of β-mesosaprobic zone indicator organisms and two species of oligosaprobic zone indicator organisms were detected.【Conclusion】The physical and chemical indicators of Juyan Lake revealed that the water body was in eutrophic state,mainly manifested as nitrogen levels far over the standard. Plankton biomass showed that Juyan Lake′s water was in oligotrophic state. The density of phytoplankton indicated that the aquatic body was in oligotrophic to mesotrophic state. Dominating plankton species,pollution indicator organisms,and Shannon-Wiener diversity index all showed that Juyan Lake was in mesotrophic or medium eutrophic state. Comprehensive analysis revealed that Juyan Lake′s water quality was mesotrophic.

Key words: Juyan Lake, Plankton, Community characteristics, Water quality evaluation

中图分类号:

S932

曾亚英, 王晓清, 杜海波, 阿拉腾格日勒, 吴芳, 肖何威, 徐启昂. 居延海浮游生物群落特征与水质评价[J]. 北方农业学报, 2022, 50(3): 95-103.

ZENG Yaying, WANG Xiaoqing, DU Haibo, Alatenggerile, WU Fang, XIAO Hewei, XU Qi′ang. Community characteristics of plankton and water quality evaluation in Juyan Lake[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2022, 50(3): 95-103.

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居延海浮游生物群落特征与水质评价

Community characteristics of plankton and water quality evaluation in Juyan Lake

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