海陆杂交长绒棉棉铃、纤维品质性状及相关性分析

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2024.01.02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明确海陆杂交长绒棉的棉铃、纤维品质性状及相关性,为选育高产海陆杂交长绒棉提供参考依据。【方法】以自主选育的抗虫陆地棉种质系为母本、生产上推广应用的新疆长绒海岛棉品种为父本,配制海陆杂交棉新组合,分析23个海陆杂交棉组合F₁代的棉铃、纤维品质性状以及相关性。【结果】23个海陆杂交棉组合F₁代单铃重变幅为3.7~5.0 g,单铃重超过4.2 g的组合有12个,变异系数为9.0%;衣分变幅为20.1%~36.7%,衣分超过30.0%的组合有5个,变异系数为10.7%。不同组合F₁代纤维长度变幅为34.5~38.5 mm,纤维长度在35.0 mm以上的组合有22个,变异系数为2.6%;纤维比强度变幅为34.8~41.8 cN/tex,纤维比强度超过39.0 cN/tex的组合有9个,变异系数为5.3%;马克隆值变幅为2.8~4.2,马克隆值A级的组合有10个,变异系数为11.8%。海陆杂交棉的单铃重与不孕籽率呈极显著负相关（r=-0.683**）、与每囊粒数呈极显著正相关（r=0.660**）、与每铃囊数呈显著正相关（r=0.495*）;海陆杂交棉的纤维整齐度与纤维长度、纤维比强度呈极显著正相关（r=0.578**、r=0.639**）,与伸长率呈显著正相关（r=0.506*）;衣分与纤维长度呈显著负相关（r=-0.475*）。在23个海陆杂交棉组合中,W042×新海53号、W046×新海54号、W047×新海54号的棉铃性状与纤维品质性状已呈现同步改良。【结论】利用陆地棉与长绒海岛棉的杂交互补优势,可以实现长绒棉产量性状与纤维品质性状的同步改良。

关键词: 海陆杂交长绒棉, 棉铃重, 衣分, 纤维品质, 相关性

Abstract: 【Objective】Understand the cotton boll and fiber quality traits and their correlation of island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton to provide references for breeding high yield island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton.【Methods】New hybrid combinations of island-upland cotton were developed using self-selected insect-resistant upland cotton germplasm line as female parent,and production promoted and applied Xinjiang long-staple island cotton variety as male parent. The cotton boll traits,fiber quality traits and the correlations of the F₁ of the 23 island-upland hybrid cotton combinations were analyzed. 【Results】In the 23 island-upland hybrid cotton combinations,the variation range of F₁ single boll weight was 3.7-5.0 g. 12 combinations had single boll weight over 4.2 g,with a 9.0% coefficient of variation. The variation range of lint percentage was 20.1%-36.7%. 5 combinations had lint percentage over 30.0%,with a 10.7% coefficient of variation. The variation range for fiber length was 34.5-38.5 mm. 22 combinations had fiber length over 35.0 mm,with a 2.6% coefficient of variation. The variation range of fiber specific strength was 34.8-41.8 cN/tex. 9 combinations had fiber specific strength over 39.0 cN/tex,with a 5.3% coefficient of variation. The variation range of micronaire value was 2.8-4.2. There were 10 combinations with A-level micronaire value and a coefficient of variation of 11.8%. The single boll weight of the island-upland hybrid cotton was extremely significantly（r=-0.683**） negatively correlated with the sterile seed rate,extremely significantly（r=0.660**）positively correlated with seed numbers per capsule and significantly（r=0.495*） positively correlated with capsule numbers per boll. The fiber uniformity of the island-upland hybrid cotton was extremely significantly（r=0.578**,r=0.639**） positively correlated with fiber length and fiber specific strength,and significantly（r=0.506*） positively correlated with elongation rate. Lint percentage was significantly（r=-0.475*） negatively correlated with fiber length. Among 23 island-upland hybrid cotton combinations,W042 × Xinhai No. 53,W046 × Xinhai No. 54 and W047 × Xinhai No. 54 showed simultaneous improvement of cotton boll traits and fiber quality traits.【Conclusion】The simultaneous improvement of yield and fiber quality traits of long-staple cotton can be realized by utilizing the complementary heterosis crossing upland cotton with long-staple island cotton.

Key words: Island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton, Cotton boll weight, Lint percentage, Fiber quality, Correlation

中图分类号:

S562

陈旭升, 赵亮, 狄佳春. 海陆杂交长绒棉棉铃、纤维品质性状及相关性分析[J]. 北方农业学报, 2024, 52(1): 10-15.

CHEN Xusheng, ZHAO Liang, DI Jiachun. Island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton boll traits,fiber quality traits and correlation analysis[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2024, 52(1): 10-15.

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