黄花菜锈病病原菌及不同黄花菜品种的抗锈性鉴定

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2022.05.11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】鉴定黄花菜锈病病原菌特征及不同黄花菜品种的抗锈性。【方法】从湖南、甘肃、陕西、江苏分别采集黄花菜锈病样本32份，通过显微镜观察和测量黄花菜夏孢子堆和夏孢子；再从中选取锈病样本1份（yx-30），观察和测量冬孢子堆和冬孢子。采用人工接种黄花菜柄锈菌的方法，鉴定50份黄花菜种质资源对yx-26菌株的抗锈性。【结果】黄花菜锈病样本的夏孢子堆多生于叶片背面，形成橘红色或黄褐色疱斑，直径0.28~1.96 mm；夏孢子近圆形或椭圆形，黄色、单胞，大小为（16.0~21.5）μm×（17.2~32.4）μm，壁厚1~3 μm。黄花菜锈病样本的冬孢子堆为深褐色，呈絮状；冬孢子椭圆形、棒状，黄色，双细胞，中间有缢缩，形似葫芦，大小为（68.0~81.0）μm×（19.4~22.2）μm，孢囊柄长11~16 μm。50份黄花菜种质资源对yx-26菌株的抗性表现为11个品种高抗、21个品种中抗、8个品种感病、10个品种高感。【结论】黄花菜锈病样本的夏孢子堆形态特征基本相似，夏孢子形态大小略有差别；冬孢子堆为深褐色，呈絮状，冬孢子黄色、双细胞、形似葫芦。50份黄花菜种质资源中抗锈品种占3/5，可为各地区黄花菜抗锈性品种的种植提供参考。

关键词: 黄花菜, 锈病, 病原菌, 抗锈性

Abstract:

【Objective】To identify the characteristics of rust pathogens in Hemerocallis citrina and the rust resistance of different Hemerocallis citrina varieties.【Methods】32 Hemerocallis citrina rust samples were collected from Hunan Province，Gansu Province，Shaanxi Province and Jiangsu Province. The uredinium and urediniospores of Hemerocallis citrina were observed and measured under microscope. One of the Hemerocallis citrina rust sample（yx-30）was then selected and the telia and teliospores were observed and measured. The rust resistance of 50 samples of Hemerocallis citrina germplasm resources to strain yx-26 was identified by artificial inoculation.【Results】The uredinium of Hemerocallis citrina rust samples were mostly on the abaxial side of leaves，forming orange or yellow-brown spots with diameters of 0.28-1.96 mm. The urediniospores were almost spherical or oval，yellow and unicellular and 16.0 to 21.5 μm by 17.2 to 32.4 μm in size. The wall thickness was 1 to 3 μm. The telia of Hemerocallis citrina rust sample was dark brown and flocculent. The teliospores were oval，rod-shaped，yellow，bicellular，with constriction in the middle，and shaped like gourd. The size was 68.0 to 81.0 μm by 19.4 to 22.2 μm. The length of sporocyst stalk was 11 to 16 μm. The rust resistance to yx-26 strain of the 50 Hemerocallis citrina germplasm resources were 11 cultivars with high resistance，21 cultivars with moderate resistance，8 cultivars susceptible，and 10 cultivars highly susceptible.【Conclusion】The morphological characteristics of uredinium of Hemerocallis citrina were similar，while the morphological sizes of urediniospores were slightly different. The telia of Hemerocallis citrina rust sample was dark brown and flocculent. The teliospores were yellow，bicellular and shaped like gourd. The rust-resistant varieties accounted for 3/5 of the 50 samples of Hemerocallis citrina germplasm resources，which could provide reference for the planting of rust resistant varieties of Hemerocallis citrina in different regions.

Key words: Hemerocallis citrina, Rust, Rust pathogen, Rust resistance

中图分类号:

S644.3

张黎杰, 周玲玲, 刘书华. 黄花菜锈病病原菌及不同黄花菜品种的抗锈性鉴定[J]. 北方农业学报, 2022, 50(5): 73-81.

ZHANG Lijie, ZHOU Lingling, LIU Shuhua. Identification of the pathogen of Hemerocallis citrina rust disease and the rust resistance of different Hemerocallis citrina varieties[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2022, 50(5): 73-81.

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