耕作方式与种植密度对土壤物理性状及春小麦产量性状的影响

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2021.02.03

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The best planting density of spring wheat were selected among the full straw returning for no-tillage and no straw returning for real tillage,the effects of two tillage patterns on soil physical properties and spring wheat yield traits were compared under the optimal planting density.【Methods】Longmai No.30 as test material, the yield traits of nine planting densities[3.00 million（D1）,3.75 million（D2）,4.50 million（D3）,5.25 million（D4）,6.00 million（D5）,6.75 million（D6）,7.50 million（D7）,8.25 million（D8）,9.00 million plants per hm²（D9）] under two tillage patterns（full straw returning for no-tillage and no straw returning for real tillage） were compared and analyzed in 2019,and the effects of two tillage patterns on soil moisture content and soil bulk density and spring wheat yield were studied under the optimal planting density in 2020.【Results】The effects of planting density on plant height,panicle number,grain number per panicle,1 000-grain weight and yield of spring wheat reached extremely significant level（P<0.01）,and the effects of the interaction of tillage pattern and planting density on panicle number,grain number per panicle,1 000-grain weight and yield of spring wheat reached extremely significant level（P<0.01）. Under the two tillage patterns,the plant height,spike length,spikelet number,grain number per panicle and 1 000-grain weight of spring wheat decreased with the increase of planting density,showing a negative correlation;the number of invalid spikelets and panicle number increased with the increase of planting density,showing a positive correlation. Under the two tillage patterns,the yield increased steadily with the increase of planting density,and reached the highest under D6 density. Spring wheat yield under full straw returning for no-tillage was 5 601.3 kg/hm²,and that under no straw returning for real tillage was 5 097.2 kg/hm²,and then decreased gradually. Compared with the no straw returning for real tillage,spring wheat yield under D6 density increased by 9.9%. The soil moisture content and soil bulk density of 0-40 cm soil layer were significantly different before sowing and at different growth stages under the two tillage patterns. Compared with the no straw returning for real tillage,the full straw returning for no-tillage significantly improved the soil moisture content and soil bulk density of 0-40 cm soil layer. The yield of full straw returning for no-tillage increased by 433.8 kg/hm² compared with that of no straw returning for real tillage.【Conclusion】In Hulun Buir,Inner Mongolia,the best planting density of the full straw returning for no-tillage and no straw returning for real tillage were 6.75 million plants/hm². The full straw returning for no-tillage pattern effectively improved the soil moisture content and soil bulk density of 0-40 cm soil layer,and then increased spring wheat yield.

Key words: Spring wheat, Tillage pattern, Planting density, Yield, Soil moisture content, Soil bulk density

CLC Number:

S512

LIAN Bo, LI Qiang, WEI Xiaojun, BAO Yanyan, WANG Hongxia, WANG Lijun. The effects of tillage pattern and planting density on soil physical properties and spring wheat yield traits[J].Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2021, 49(2): 17-23.

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The effects of tillage pattern and planting density on soil physical properties and spring wheat yield traits

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