生物菌剂对玉米灌浆期光合特性及产量的影响

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Effects of biological microbial agents on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of maize at filling stage

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doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.01.08

Abstract: 【Objective】To clarify the effects of different biological microbial agents on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of maize during the filling stage under straw returning conditions along the southern bank of the Yellow River irrigation area.【Methods】Using the maize variety Lihe No. 1 as the test material,four treatments were set up：Bacillus+Acetobacter（A）,Bacillus+fermenting fungi+Actinomycetes（B）,Bacillus subtilis+lichen（C）,and a control group without microbial agents（CK）. The study analyzed the effects of different biological microbial agents on the light response curve and diurnal variation in photosynthetic characteristics of maize ear leaves during the filling stage and maize yield.【Results】The diurnal variations in net photosynthetic rate（P_n） and stomatal conductance（G_s） of plants in all treatments exhibited a bimodal curve trend,with both P_n and G_s peaking at the same times（10：00 and 14：00）. The transpiration rate（T_r） reached its peaks at 10：00 and 13：00,with some differences in peak magnitudes among treatments. The diurnal variation in intercellular CO₂ concentration（C_i） in maize ear leaves followed a “V”-shaped pattern. The fitted light response curves for all treatments reached significant levels,with Treatment B showing the highest simulated maximum net photosynthetic rate（P_nmax） at 32.90 μmol/（m²·s）,which was 12.29%,6.44%,and 18.01% higher than those of CK,Treatment A,and Treatment C,respectively. Moreover,Treatment B resulted in the highest yield（14 299.59 kg/hm²）,surpassing the other treatments by 2.00%-9.01%.【Conclusion】Bacillus+fermenting fungi+Actinomycetes with straw returning can effectively enhance soil nutrients and increase maize yield,and is more suitable for farmland application along the southern bank of the Yellow River irrigation area.

Key words: Returning straw to field, Biological microbial agents, Maize, Photosynthesis characteristics, Diurnal variation, Light response curve, Yield

CLC Number:

S513

ZHANG Yidi, YE Jun, DUAN Sitong, ZHANG Xiangqian, ZHAO Zihao, XIAO Sa, WANG Weini, LI Juan, XING Jun, WANG Hongwei, ZHANG Dejian. Effects of biological microbial agents on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of maize at filling stage[J].Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2025, 53(1): 64-72.

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