Abstract: 【Objective】Understand the cotton boll and fiber quality traits and their correlation of island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton to provide references for breeding high yield island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton.【Methods】New hybrid combinations of island-upland cotton were developed using self-selected insect-resistant upland cotton germplasm line as female parent,and production promoted and applied Xinjiang long-staple island cotton variety as male parent. The cotton boll traits,fiber quality traits and the correlations of the F₁ of the 23 island-upland hybrid cotton combinations were analyzed. 【Results】In the 23 island-upland hybrid cotton combinations,the variation range of F₁ single boll weight was 3.7-5.0 g. 12 combinations had single boll weight over 4.2 g,with a 9.0% coefficient of variation. The variation range of lint percentage was 20.1%-36.7%. 5 combinations had lint percentage over 30.0%,with a 10.7% coefficient of variation. The variation range for fiber length was 34.5-38.5 mm. 22 combinations had fiber length over 35.0 mm,with a 2.6% coefficient of variation. The variation range of fiber specific strength was 34.8-41.8 cN/tex. 9 combinations had fiber specific strength over 39.0 cN/tex,with a 5.3% coefficient of variation. The variation range of micronaire value was 2.8-4.2. There were 10 combinations with A-level micronaire value and a coefficient of variation of 11.8%. The single boll weight of the island-upland hybrid cotton was extremely significantly（r=-0.683**） negatively correlated with the sterile seed rate,extremely significantly（r=0.660**）positively correlated with seed numbers per capsule and significantly（r=0.495*） positively correlated with capsule numbers per boll. The fiber uniformity of the island-upland hybrid cotton was extremely significantly（r=0.578**,r=0.639**） positively correlated with fiber length and fiber specific strength,and significantly（r=0.506*） positively correlated with elongation rate. Lint percentage was significantly（r=-0.475*） negatively correlated with fiber length. Among 23 island-upland hybrid cotton combinations,W042 × Xinhai No. 53,W046 × Xinhai No. 54 and W047 × Xinhai No. 54 showed simultaneous improvement of cotton boll traits and fiber quality traits.【Conclusion】The simultaneous improvement of yield and fiber quality traits of long-staple cotton can be realized by utilizing the complementary heterosis crossing upland cotton with long-staple island cotton.

Key words: Island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton, Cotton boll weight, Lint percentage, Fiber quality, Correlation