【Objective】To clarify the genetic diversity of spring wheat parent resources and improve the utilization efficiency of breeding parents in Inner Mongolia.【Methods】The genetic diversity of phenotypic traits of 70 breeding parental resources from Inner Mongolia in recent years was analyzed by using a completely random block design.【Results】The parental resources of different ecological areas in eastern and western Inner Mongolia were significantly different among species and locations （P<0.01）.The diversity index of phenotypic traits ranged from 1.72 to 2.08,and the diversity index of 1 000-grain weight was the largest（2.08）.The diversity index of the growth period was the lowest（1.72）.That of other phenotypic traits was in the middle.Correlation analysis showed that yield per plant was positively correlated with 1 000-grain weight （P<0.001）,but negatively correlated with quality-related traits.Cluster analysis was performed on 70 parental resources based on phenotypic traits.At the chi-square distance of 3.0,70 parent resources could be divided into 4 groups.The fourth group could be divided into two subgroups,and the main difference was in quality character.【Conclusion】The characters of 70 parental resources of quinoa had abundant variation and extensive diversity.It could provide important reference for the selection and matching of targeted parental resources with different breeding objectives by genetic diversity analysis.

【Objective】To screen out new soybean varieties and provides technical support and theoretical basis for soybean breeding in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia.【Methods】The photosynthetic capacity,agronomic characters and yield factors of 11 new strains of northern spring soybean were compared with the control varieties,and the correlation analysis was conducted.【Results】The accumulation of dry matter and SPAD value of different varieties increased gradually with the growth period;the number of growing days was 110 to 122 days,and all varieties could mature normally in the region;the protein content of each strain varied from 33.20% to 37.30%,and mk-10 increased by 0.78%,the fat content varied from 20.90% to 22.90%,and mk-8 increased by 9.57%,the total amount of egg fat varied from 56.10% to 59.10%,and mk-10 increased by 2.07% compared with the control（P<0.05）;the range of yield change as mk-7>mk-9>mk-1>mk-8>mk-4>mk-2>mk-11>mk-3>mk-10>CK>mk-6>mk-5,The highest yield of mk-7 was 3 370 kg/hm² and 11.74% higher than the control （P<0.05）,there was significant positive correlation between yield and 100 kernel weight,kernel weight per plant,kernel number per plant,pod number per plant,total egg fat and protein （P<0.01）,it was positively correlated with the height of bottom pod,negatively correlated with the number of main stem nodes （P<0.01）,negatively correlated with fat content （P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with the number of effective branches.【Conclusion】The yield of mk-7,mk-9,mk-1 and mk-8 was 5.00% higher than the control,and the plant height,yield potential of the 4 soybean varieties were suitable in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia.

【Objective】To analysis the genetic diversity of main cultivars mung bean and to provide excellent resources for mung bean breeding.【Methods】15 main agronomic characters and related yield factors of 113 main cultivars were analyzed by means of difference,diversity and cluster analysis.【Results】The agronomic characters of 113 varieties showed extensive genetic variation,in which the genetic diversity index of pod length was the highest,followed by the number of seeds per pod.The variation coefficient of disease resistance was the largest,followed by lodging resistance,and the number of seeds per pod was the smallest.113 mung bean varieties were divided into three groups by cluster analysis,and groupⅠcould be used as breeding materials for tall stalks and suitable for mechanical harvest.Although the yield of group Ⅱ was low,it could be used as breeding mater for short stalk and large grain,and group Ⅲ with high-yield,which could be used as breeding material for high yield and young stem color.【Conclusion】113 mung bean varieties contained rich genetic diversity and had excellent resources for breeding and mechanical production of high yield,tall culm,erect and grain size.

【Objective】To determine the genetic diversity of agronomic traits of quinoa germplasm resources.【Methods】Genetic diversity,clustering,correlation and principal component analysis were conducted on 10 agronomic traits of 50 germplasm resources of quinoa.【Results】The germplasm tested of the variation coefficient from high to low was yield （42.67%）,spike grain weight （40.18%）,panicle weight （38.27%）,branch number （34.13%）,1 000 seed weight （29.59%）,spike length （21.88%） and grain diameter （9.47%）.The average genetic diversity index was 1.48.The tested germplasms were divided into 4 categories.Among them,the average yield,thousand-grain weight,main spike weight and spike-grain weight of the second germplasm group were the highest,which could be used as parents of high-yield quinoa breeding.The cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components of principal component analysis to variation reached 84.38%.In the principal component analysis,the first principal component was the yield component,the second principal component was the grain component,and the third principal component was the branching factor.There was a significant positive correlation between grain diameter and 1 000-grain weight （P<0.01）.Spike grain weight and spike weight were positively correlated with yield （P<0.01）.Panicle length,branch number and 1000-grain weight were negatively correlated （P<0.05）.【Conclusion】The characters of 50 germplasm of quinoa had abundant variation and extensive diversity.Thirteen excellent and high yield germplasm including purple quinoa,D3-1-1,42,F3-1,SC2,J2-1-1,J3-2,A2-2,L4-1-2,F4-1-1,C3-1-2-3,A4-3 and H1-2 had been screened.

【Objective】To reveal the gene sequence of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase （CmBADH） in the antistress plant Calligonum mongolicum.【Methods】RACE technology was used to clone the full-length sequence of CmBADH gene and conduct bioinformatics analysis of its gene and protein sequences.【Results】The cDNA sequence of CmBADH gene was 1 863 bp,and the ORF was 1 506 bp,encoding 501 amino acids.Blastn showed that the BADH similarity between CmBADH and Sesuvium portulacastrum,Quercus lobata,and Kalidium foliatum reached 80.04%,79.97%,and 79.55%,respectively.Its relative molecular weight was 123.46 kDa,isoelectric point （pI） 5.01,and the protein sequence had 16 phosphorylation sites.No transmembrane domain;no signal peptide sites;contains a betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase domain （PLN02467）.The secondary structure showed that alpha helix accounts for 43.31%,random coil 31.94%,extended strand 17.37% and beta turn 7.38%.The model of tertiary structure is ellipsoid.【Conclusion】The determination of CmBADH gene sequence provides a basis for future studies on the antistress function of CmBADH gene in Calligonum mongolicum.

【Objective】To further analysis of the biological functions of branchpoint-bridging protein （BBP） in fungi.【Methods】A variety of bioinformatics software and websites are used to predict and analyze the BBP in nine fungi （Pyricularia oryzae、Saccharomyces cerevisiae、Gaeumannomyces tritici、Neurospora crassa、Colletotrichum orbiculare、Beauveria bassiana、Fusarium oxysporum、Fusarium fujikuroi and Rhizoctonia solani）,including the basic information of the protein and gene,the physical and chemical properties,the subcellular localization and signal peptide and protein conformation and transmembrane helical structure,phosphorylation site on a SUMO loci,and build the system of the evolutionary tree.【Results】The molecular weight of BBP range from 50 812.65 Da to 68 306.99 Da.They were all unstable hydrophilic proteins located in the nucleus.There were no signal peptides and transmembrane helixes.Alpha helix was the main secondary structure and SF1-HH,KH_dom and Znf_CCHC domains exist in all BBPs of the nine fungi.However,ONH80283.1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and CCO28600.1 of Rhizoctonia solani showed different molecular evolution and spatial conformation to BBPs of other fungi.The phosphorylation types and percentages of BBPs were similar in the nine fungi,but CCO28600.1 had more SUMO sites.【Conclusion】Among the nine common fungi,the BBP structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhizoctonia solani was relatively special,and the evolution of BBP was relatively conservative in Pyricularia oryzae,Gaeumannomyces tritici,Neurospora crassa,Colletotrichum orbiculare,Beauveria bassiana,Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium fujikuroi.

【Objective】To explore the changes of nitrogen utilization and grain quality of wheat mutation population induced by N⁺ ion beam.It can provide reference for wheat quality production.【Methods】Different wheat varieties（Lianmai No.7 and Yannong No.19） were used to analysis the changes of nitrogen utilization,grain yield,protein content and processing quality by implanting different doses of nitrogen ion beam （0,2×10¹⁶,3×10¹⁶ and 4×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm²） .【Results】The main results were as follows：The nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen harvest index,nitrogen utilization,content of protein and processing quality of mutation population of Lianmai No.7 and Yannong No.19 were decreased lower than CK.As the increasing of implanting dose,the negative effects of N⁺ ion beam on grain yield and quality of mutation population increased continuously.Nitrogen accumulation and grain yield of mutation population were decreased significantly after implanting dose of more than 2×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm².Content of protein components and processing quality of two wheat varieties decreased significantly after implanting dose of more than 3×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm².The decrease amplitude of nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of mutation population of Lianmai No.7 were lower than mutation population of Yannong No.19 under high implanting dose,Meanwhile,nitrogen accumulation and grain quality of mutation population of Lianmai No.7 were decreased significantly.【Conclusion】The above results showed that there existed negative effects of N⁺ ion beam on grain yield,nitrogen utilization and grain quality of wheat,and the higher the implantation dose,the more significant the damage to wheat.In addition,the damage of high N⁺ ion beam dose on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of mutation population on Yannong No.19 were higher than Lianmai No.7,while the nitrogen accumulation and grain quality of mutation population on Lianmai No.7 were decreased significantly than Yannong No.19.

【Objective】In Hetao Irrigated Area,it is easy to cause lodging and dead seedlings after irrigated sunflower in saline-alkali land,but the lack of irrigation also leads to yield reduction by drought and Orobanche cernua.【Methods】In this experiment,mechanical one-time furrow opening,fertilization,plastic film covering the bottom of the trench to the top of the slope,and seed sowing on the shoulder of the slope were used for furrow film ridge planting,compared with conventional plain planting and random arrangement.【Results】The ground temperature of the 0-30 cm root of furrow film ridge was raised 0.7-2.3 ℃ compared with that of conventional plain planting during the whole growth period.The soil moisture content in the 0-30 cm root layer raised 8.36%-13.28%.The horizontal distribution diameter and vertical depth of roots increased 26.92% and 30.68%,respectively,and the fresh weight of roots increased 81.23%.In the growth stage of sunflower,the lodging rate of mild saline-alkali soil under irrigation decreased 21.66 percentage points.Orobanche cernua was delayed 20 days and control effect was 54.1%.The average soil desalination rate in the growth period from 0 cm to 20 cm increased 18.53%,and the emergence rate and preservation rate increased 12 and 16 percentage points respectively.In the growth stage of sunflower,the yield was increased 16.07%,20.58% and 29.17% respectively in the light saline and alkaline land,the light saline and alkaline land,and the moderate saline and alkaline land.【Conclusion】Sunflower furrow film ridge planting technology could increase yield by saving water,nourishing roots,resisting lodging,resistance to Orobanche cernua and inhibiting salinity.It was suitable to be applied in the mildly saline and alkaline land and Orobanche cernua land in Hetao Irrigation Area.

【Objective】To explore a high-efficiency water-saving mode suitable for the North Yinshan Mountain,the effects of different water-saving modes on dry matter accumulation,yield and benefits were analyzed and compared on potato in the North Yinshan Mountain.【Methods】A split-plot design was used for analyzing and comparing the differences between dry matter accumulation,transportation,yield,commodity characteristics and economic benefits in potato on three water-saving planting modes of high ridge drip irrigation（HRDI）,under mulch drip irrigation（UMDI） and shallow buried drip irrigation（SBDI） under the irrigation gradient of 1 500 m³/hm²（gradient 1） and 1 950 m³/hm²（gradient 2）.【Results】Shallow buried drip irrigation （SBDI） mode could effectively promote the potato plant dry matter accumulation;SBDI1 treatment maintained the highest dry matter accumulation of the whole plant during the tuber forming stage,tuber bulking stage and starch accumulation stage;SBDI1 treatment maintained the highest stem and leaf dry matter transportation and the highest contribution rate of dry matter transportation to tuber formation;in mature period of SBDI1 and SBDI2,dry matter accumulation of the whole plant were 286.05 g/plant and 274.67 g/plant,which were significantly higher than other treatments（P<0.05）.SBDI2 treatment maintained the highest potato number of per plant,potato weight of per plant and commercial potato rate of per plant,which were 6.65,1.24 kg and 90.80% respectively. From high to low,the yield of each treatment was SBDI1>HRDI1>UMDI1>SBDI2>HRDI2>UMDI2;the yield of SBDI1 treatment was the highest which was 47.40 t/hm² and it was increased in comparision with other treatments by 1.61%,2.27%,3.27%,6.54%,10.23% respectively;under the same irrigation amount,potato yield was shown as SBDI>HRDI>UMDI;under irrigation amount of 1 500 m³/hm²,potato yield of the three water-saving modes were all higher than irrigation water amount of 1 950 m³/hm² treatment;SBDI1 treatment and SBDI2 treatment achieved higher economic benefits,22 604 yuan/hm² and 22 748 yuan/hm² respectively.【Conclusion】Shallow buried drip irrigation could achieve high yield and efficiency under the premise of saving water and film. Shallow buried drip irrigation with irrigation amount of 1 500 m³/hm² could be promoted and applied as a new high-efficiency water-saving mode in the North Yinshan Mountain where the precipitation was 300-400 mm during potato growth period.

【Objective】To explore the changes of photosynthetic characteristics and yield of maize under straw returning and nitrogen fertilizer application in the wind-sandy loess region of Inner Mongolia.【Methods】Compared and analyzed the effects of maize leaf area index（LAI）,photosynthetic characteristics and yield under five different treatments：nitrogen used to apply （FN,CK）,habitual application of nitrogen combined with straw returning （FNS）,high application of nitrogen combined with straw returning（HNS） ,nitrogen reducing topdressing proportion to basal（RN）,nitrogen reducing topdressing proportion to basal combined with straw returning （RNS）.【Results】The order of leaf area index under different treatments was RNS>HNS>FNS>FN>RN,net photosynthetic rate of FNS,HNS and RNS treated with returning to the field increased by 20.21%-20.49%,21.69%-24.49%,25.50%-36.51%;transpiration rate increased by 10.64%-16.13%,13.83%-18.98%,18.62%-20.30%;stomatal conductance increased by 11.50%-12.93%,14.95%-22.43%,18.65%-22.93%;intercellular CO₂ concentration increased by 12.30%-14.59%,20.31%-20.47%,17.08%-34.49%;photosynthetic water use efficiency increased by 6.72%-9.87%,10.89%-12.50%,12.89%-13.38% compared with the control FN（CK） without returning to the field.There was no significant difference in VPD among the treatments （P>0.05）.There was no significant difference between RN and FN（CK） treatments without returning farmland.The overall photosynthetic index was straw returning to field > straw not returning to field.In terms of yield,the yield of RN treatment was lower than that of FN（CK） treatment,but did not reach a significant level（P>0.05）;compared with the control FN,the grain yield of maize treated with FNS,HNS and RNS increased by 5.30%,10.93% and 11.41% respectively,and the stem yield increased by 8.55%,13.80% and 10.55%,respectively;the yield of maize after straw returning to the field with additional nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer was better than that of conventional nitrogen fertilizer application.【Conclusion】Compared with single nitrogen fertilizer,straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer could significantly improve the photosynthetic characteristics and crop yield of maize（P<0.05）,especially the forward transfer of nitrogen fertilizer combined with straw returning was the best.Recommending nitrogen fertilizer combined with straw returning was a cultivation mode of saving cost,stable yield and efficiency on maize in the wind-sandy loess region of Inner Mongolia.

【Objective】To find out the mechanism of increasing yield for the density-tolerant maize varieties under high density （97 500 plants/hm²）.【Methods】Comparing the light energy utilization factors and yield components,such as light transmittance,leaf area index（LAI）,relative chlorophyll content （SPAD）,photosynthetic rate （PN）under Denhai 618 and K3564 varieties with double-plant and single-plant in one hole plant model by using split zone design.【Results】The results showed that the panicle position layer and bottom light transmittance of the two cultivars were higher than that of the single plant in the middle growth stage under one-hole and double-plant planting.The leaf area index （LAI） of all treatments increased first and then decreased,and all reached the maximum value at the 20th day after silking.The leaf area index increased rapidly at the early stage and decreased rapidly at the later stage.The two plants showed the trend of moderate stability （long green leaf duration and slow decay at later stage）.In the same growth period,the chlorophyll SPAD of double plant was significantly higher than that of single plant,and that of Denghai 618 was higher than that of K3564.The net photosynthetic rate of each treatment reached the maximum at heading stage,and that of Denghai 618 was higher than that of K3564 at each stage,and that of one hole and two plants was higher than that of one single plant at heading stage.At heading stage,Denghai 618,K3564 one-hole double-plant planting was 6.8% higher than that of one-hole single plant,respectively,and that of Denghai 618 and K3564 was higher than that of one-hole single plant 4.8%,indicating that the planting mode had a great effect on the net photosynthetic rate of the panicle leaf.【Conclusion】Since the number of grains per ear and the weight of 100 grains were obviously better,and the yield of two varieties was significantly higher under two-plant in one hole than that single-plant in one hole.

【Objective】To clarify the optimal sowing date and optimal nutrient cultivation and management measures for high yield of oat grains in Yinshan Hilly Area of Inner Mongolia.【Methods】Using 311-A optimal regression design,under different sowing periods,combined with different nitrogen and phosphorus treatments,and Baiyan NO.2 as the experimental material to establish a polynomial regression model of the three factors of sowing date,nitrogen application and phosphorus application and yield.【Results】The effects of different treatments on oat grain yield were significantly different.Among the three factors of sowing date,nitrogen application and phosphorus application,the order of impact on oat grain yield was sowing date>nitrogen application>phosphorus application.【Conclusion】By optimizing the grain yield of oat,the maximum grain yield of oat reached 3 197.04 kg/hm² when the sowing date of oat was June 7,and the nitrogen and phosphorus application amounts were 43.69 kg/hm² and 78.00 kg/hm²,respectively.

【Objective】Transplanting Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus seedlings with different root thickness by flat planting,and harvesting the biennial and triennial plants,to explore the effect of seedling root thickness on the growth,development,yield and quality of root in different harvest years.【Methods】The tested seedlings were divided into three experimental groups of low,medium and high according to the middle and upper part of the maximum root thickness,and they were planted in a trench with flat planting.The images of biennial and triennial root sections of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus were collected,and the middle and upper part of the root thickness,total root length,root fresh weight,root dry weight,yield,and the contents of calycosin-7-glucoside and astragaloside were determined.【Results】 Although the roots of the biennial seedlings were smaller than those of the triennial ones,the root quality was better.Compared with the biennial seedlings,the middle and upper part of the root thickness,total root length,root fresh weight and root dry weight of the triennial ones were increased.Among them,the medium group had the largest increase in root fresh and dry weight of the triennial seedlings,which was elevated by 61.4% and 61.8% than those of the biennial ones.The yields of the triennial seedlings in the low,medium and high groups increased by 21.0%,59.7% and 44.3% respectively compared with the biennial ones.And the output of the medium group was the largest,reaching（13 546.77±419.95） kg/hm².In the high group,the content of calycosin-7-glucoside in the root of triennial Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus was the highest,which was 0.078 4%,and the content of astragaloside in the root of biennial Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus was the highest,which was 0.070 6%.【Conclusion】The flat planting of seedlings was more suitable for the high-quality production of the biennial Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus,especially for the biennial seedlings with the middle and upper part of the maximum root thickness between 8-10 mm.

Magnesium is an important nutrient element and plays an important role in the growth and development of potatoes.The researches on the effect of magnesium on crop yield,photosynthetic performance,crop growth and development were reviewed in this paper,meanwhile,the research status and existed problems of magnesium nutrition in potato were prospected,which would provide a reference for the magnesium nutrition management in potato production.

【Objective】The main characters and nutrient uptake and utilization characteristics of oil sunflower were studied to provide scientific basis for fertilization of oil sunflower at the northern area of Yinshan Mountain.【Methods】The experiment of applying NPK fertilizer to oil sunflower was carried out in the northern area of Yinshan Mountain,and the effects of fertilization on the yield,yield characters and nutrient uptake and NUE were analyzed.【Results】NPK fertilizer had little effect on disc diameter,disc number of achenes,achenes weight and seed setting rate of oil sunflower,but had significant effects on stem diameter,disc achene weight and ratio of achenes to kernel in oil sunflower.Ensuring nutrient supply at budding stage could ensure the increase of stem thickness,disc weight and ratio of achenes to kernel in oil sunflower,so as to increase the yield.Under the condition of mulching film drip irrigation at the northern area of Yinshan Mountain,NUE of N,P,K by N₂P₂K₂ was 33.6%,26.5% and 42.8%,respectively.AE of N,P,K was 3.96,6.92 and 1.87 kg/kg,respectively.For each 100 kg sunflower seeds,N,P₂O₅ and K₂O were needed 6.61,1.97 and 7.55 kg,respectively.【Conclusion】The suitable rate range of N,P₂O₅ and K₂O for oilseed sunflower in the North Yinshan was defined as 154.1-183.0,88.5-100.9 and 96.4-122.0 kg/hm².

【Objective】To solve the serious soil compaction,water conservation ability decline and roots down in spring maize.【Methods】Taking farmers′ shallow rotation as the control（CK）,subsoiling season and subsoiling depth were set.The subsoiling season was divided into two treatments,autumn （ASS） and spring subsoiling （SSS）,and the depth of subsoiling was 30,40 and 50 cm respectively.Crack zone test design method was adopted,and a total of 7 treatment combinations were used. Soil water content,three-phase soil comparison,maize root index,overground dry matter quality and spring maize yield were compared and analyzed.【Results】ASS50 treatment had significant difference on spring maize root （P<0.05）.Compared with the CK,the root dry weight under this treatment increased by 2.35 g,the root length increased by 220.84 cm,the root surface area increased 0.25 m²,the root volume increased 37.64 cm³,and the yield increased 18.18%.【Conclusion】A reasonable subsoiling pattern could improve the growth status of maize by improving its root capacity.When the depth of subsoiling is 50 cm in autumn,the effect is the best.

【Objective】To provide an effective way for saving water resources,optimizing irrigation system and saving cost and increasing efficiency in agricultural production,by the suitable calculation method of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration（ET₀） in Hinggan League,Inner Mongolia.【Methods】Based on the data of four weather stations in Hinggan League,the daily ET₀ values from 1973 to 2018 were calculated by using Priestley-Taylor method （PT method） and Hargreaves-Samani method （HS method）.According to the Root Mean Square Error （RMSE） and Relative Error （RE）,the applicability of the calculation results by PT method and HS method in the daily,monthly and annual time series in different weather stations were evaluated,taking ET₀ value calculated by FAO56 Penman-Monteith method （PM method） as standard.【Results】In Hinggan League,PT method and HS method could replace PM method to calculate ET₀ in different time scales,and RSEM daily value>monthly value>annual value,RE daily value>monthly value>annual value.On the daily scale,the results of PT method and HS method were the most close to those of PM method,especially the determination coefficient R² of PT method was more than 0.99.【Conclusion】In the absence of meteorological data,the daily data could be used to calculate ET₀ in Hinggan League by PT method and HS method.

【Objective】To understand the biological characteristics and fungicide sensitivity of Fusarium solani on carrot in Inner Mongolia.【Methods】The growth rate and spore production of Fusarium solani in carrot TPL-1,WQ1,WQ2,DM,TX31,TX3-1 were determined in this experiment.Culturing in different temperature,pH,carbon source,nitrogen source and fungicide conditions to measure the colony diameter.【Results】Under normal growth conditions,strain TX3-1 had the fastest growth rate and the least sporulation amount of strain TX31.All strains could grow at a temperature of 5-40 ℃ and a pH of 5-11.The optimum growth temperature and pH were 25-30 ℃ and 7.The suitable carbon sources were starch and maltose.The appropriate nitrogen sources were peptone,beef extract and potassium nitrate in turn.Fusarium solani was sensitive to the wettable powder of thiophanate-methyl.【Conclusion】These strains had a wide range of adaptability. It was conducive to their rapid growth and reproduction under warm and neutral ecological environment conditions,and the wettable powder of thiophanate-methyl could inhibit their growth.

【Objective】To screen fungicides that could effectively control potato aerial stalk rot.【Methods】Collecting commercial fungicides for the bacterial diseases control,and using the bacteriostatic circle method to indoor test its virulence on potato aerial stalk rot fungi.【Results】The three fungicides of 80% ethyl allicin,0.3% tetramycin,and 1.8% caprylate acetate had an inhibitory effect on potato aerial stalk rot bacteria,and the EC₅₀ values were 140.72,5.73,and 696.92 μg/mL;The qualitative and quantitative screening of the synergistic determination test of the mixed agents was carried out on these three agents,and the qualitative determination results showed that the mixture volume ratio of allicin and tetramycin was 3∶7,5∶5,6∶4,7∶3,the mixed volume ratio of hexamectin acetate and tetramycin was 6∶4,7∶3,8∶2,9∶1,and the mixed volume ratio of hexamectin acetate and ethyl allicin was 2∶8,4∶6;the toxicity ratio was greater than 1,and it had synergistic effect;quantitative measurement results showed that the inhibitory effect was best when the volume ratio of tetracycline and ethyl allicin was 7∶3,and the EC₅₀ is 0.000 4 μg/ mL.The test results of the safety of different germicides on potato germination showed that high concentrations of tetramycin,ethyl allicin,and caprylate acetate fungicides had an inhibitory effect on potato germination.【Conclusion】In the potato production, tetracycline,ethrin and caprylate acetate were the first choice for the control of potato aerated stem rot,and suggested to use their prescribed concentration,so as to effectively control the disease and prevent the bacteria from resistance developing.

【Objective】It provided theoretical basis and technical support for high yield and high quality cultivation of strawberry in autumn and winter in north China.【Methods】The effect of 4 treatments on photosynthesis of dormancy strawberry was studied with“Jing Tao Xiang strawberry” as experimental material,and control （CK）,CO₂ enrichment （CO₂）,long-day photoperiod （LD）,and long-day photoperiod +CO₂ enrichment （LD+CO₂） were set up.【Results】Long-day photoperiod+CO₂ treatment significantly promoted the growth of dormancy strawberry leaves.The petiole became longer and the area of single leaf increased.The SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate of dormancy strawberry leaves were increased by long-day photoperiod,CO₂ enrichment and long-day photoperiod+CO₂ treatment.The photosynthesis of strawberry leaves could be influenced by long-day photoperiod and CO₂ enrichment by adjusting chlorophyll content and stomatal factors.The content of soluble protein,starch and soluble sugar in dormancy strawberry leaves could be significantly increased by long-day photoperiod+CO₂ enrichment.Compared with long-day photoperiod and CO₂ enrichment alone,the coupled treatment of the two had a better effect on promoting the growth and photosynthesis of dormancy strawberry leaves.【Conclusion】LD and CO₂ treatment could improve the photosynthetic rate,accelerate carbon assimilation,accelerate the formation and accumulation of photosynthetic products,and promote the growth of dormant strawberry leaves.