【Objective】To accurately evaluate the impacts of genotype-environment interaction effect on the yield traits stability of summer maize varieties,and to assess the statistical analysis method suitable for multi-point test of summer maize in Huang-Huai-Hai area.【Methods】Using AMMI model,the grain yield,grain weight per panicle and 100 grain weight of 15 tested summer maize varieties（control variety Zhengdan 958）in the multi-point test in Huang-Huai-Hai area in the year of 2019 were measured in 21 different pilot sites,and the genotype effect,environment effect and genotype-environment interaction effect were analyzed.【Results】The genotype effect,environment effect and genotype-environment interaction effect of grain yield,grain weight per panicle and 100 grain weight reached an extremely significant level（P<0.01）. Among the tested varieties,Hengyu 7182 and Xianyu 335 had high and stable yield;Hengyu 7182,Huayu 168 and Longping 206 had high and stable grain weight per panicle;Dongke 301,Lianchuang 5 and Hengyu 7182 had higher 100 grain weight and better stability;the control variety Zhengdan 958 had good stability and common yield traits.【Conclusion】Hengyu 7182 was a high-yield and stable variety,which was more suitable for planting in summer maize area of Huang-Huai-Hai area;AMMI model could accurately and intuitively evaluate the stability of the tested varieties,and could be used as an analysis method for summer maize new variety screening in multi-point test.

【Objective】 The yield potential and mechanical grain harvesting quality of new spring maize varieties suitable for mechanical grain harvesting were comprehensively evaluated to provide theoretical basis for popularizing the new spring maize varieties suitable for mechanical grain harvesting in Tumochuan Plain irrigation area.【Methods】 A total of 11 new spring maize varieties were selected,and the planting density was 105 000 plants/hm². The new spring maize varieties were evaluated from the aspects of growth period,plant traits,spike traits,grain water content at grain harvest,grain yield and mechanical grain harvesting quality,etc.,and were screened by bidirectional average plotting method.【Results】 There were significant differences in plant traits,spike traits,grain water content at grain harvest,grain yield and mechanical grain harvesting quality among the tested spring maize varieties（P<0.05）. The average growth period of the new spring maize varieties was about 130 days,all of them belonged to middle and late maturity varieties,and could be dehydrated by standing stalk after physiological maturity. The average grain water content of the 11 new spring maize varieties was 23.1% at grain harvest. The average yield of the new spring maize varieties was 14.28 t/hm²,and the yield of Lianchuang 825 was the highest,reaching 16.75 t/hm². When the grains were mechanically harvested,the breakage rate,impurity rate and yield loss rate of the new spring maize varieties were less than 5%,3% and 5%,respectively. Xinyu108,Lianchuang 825 and Qiangsheng 388 were selected by bidirectional average plotting method. These selected spring maize varieties had the characteristics of short growth period,low plant height and spike position,good grain setting,fast dehydration,high mechanical grain harvesting quality and great grain yield potential,etc..【Conclusion】 Xinyu 108,Lianchuang 825 and Qiangsheng 388 achieved high yield and high mechanical grain harvesting quality under the whole mechanized cultivation of dense planting. They had high density tolerance and high yield,and were suitable for mechanical grain harvesting. They were suitable for popularizing as mechanical grain harvesting maize varieties in Tumochuan Plain irrigation area.

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to introduce Chinese barley varieties to Mongolia for trial planting,so as to screen new varieties of high-yield and high-quality barley suitable for planting in Mongolia.【Methods】The experiment was implemented in Sumu Baonuer,Central Province,Mongolia,which was the main area of barley planting. There were 9 varieties in the experiment,including 6 barley varieties from Inner Mongolia of China（Mengpimai No. 1,Mengpimai No. 2,Mengpimai No. 3,Mengpimai No. 4,Mengpimai No. 5,and Mengpimai No. 6）,2 varieties from Russia（PA-459,PA-412/6,newly introduced varieties by Mongolian Agricultural University）,and a control variety from Mongolia（BURKHANT-1）. The growth period,growth indexes,yield traits,yield and grain quality indexes of the 9 varieties were analyzed and compared.【Results】Mengpimai No. 4 had the shortest growth period of 88 d and was an early maturing variety. The seedling retention rate of Mengpimai No. 5 was the highest（60.7%）,which was significantly higher than that of the other varieties（P<0.05）. The total panicle number of Mengpimai No. 5 was the highest（5 102 600 panicle/hm²）,which was significantly higher than that of CK（P<0.05）. The biomass of PA-459 was the highest（3 601.80 kg/hm²）,which was significantly higher than that of CK（P<0.05）. The biomass of Mengpimai No. 5 was 3 037.50 kg/hm²,which had no significant difference with that of PA-459（P>0.05）. The kernel number and weight of main panicle of Mengpimai No. 3 were 38.4 and 1.69 g,which were significantly higher than those of the other varieties（P<0.05）. The yield of Mengpimai No. 5 was the highest（1 580.1 kg/hm²）,which was 99.99% higher than that of CK（P<0.05）. The protein content of Mengpimai No. 5 was the lowest（14.7%）,which was suitable for both feeding and beer.【Conclusion】Mengpimai No. 5 had high yield and good quality for both feeding and beer,and it was suitable for promotion in Mongolia.

Based on the approved maize varieties information Excel database,this paper analyzes the nomenclature of approved maize varieties in China from 1980s to 2020,summarizes the problems existing in nomenclature,and puts forward some suggestions such as further standardizing the nomenclature of approved maize variety,establishing a perfect name retrieval system of agricultural plant varieties,and strengthening the maize seed market management,in hoping to provide references for further standardizing the nomenclature of maize varieties.

【Objective】To improve the utilization efficiency of maize backbone inbred lines in hybrid parents.【Methods】Genetic diversity analysis and stem rot resistance identification of 43 maize backbone inbred lines and 11 reference lines were carried out by SSR molecular markers,cluster analysis and field inoculation methods.【Results】A total of 242 alleles were detected in 43 maize backbone inbred lines using 40 pairs of universal SSR primers,with an average of 6.05 alleles per pair of primers and an average of 0.61 polymorphism information. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that 43 backbone inbred lines and 11 reference lines were divided into 7 heterophytic groups,among which M17Y130,MU6,M18N41,M17Y334,M85Z,MU7 and M17Y340 were isolated and tentatively classified as M group. The genetic diversity of 43 backbone inbred lines was analyzed and the field resistance of stem rot（Fusarium graminis） was identified. Among them,37 backbone inbred lines were resistant to stem rot,mainly from Lüda red bone group,Foreign Reid group and P group,accounting for 86.05%. The resistance of Huanggai group,Domestic Reid group,Lancaster group and M group was different.【Conclusion】At the molecular level,43 maize backbone inbred lines were divided into 7 heterosis groups,named Lüda red bone population,Huanggai population,P population,Foreign Reid line,Lancaster population,Domestic Reid line and M group. The backbone inbred lines resistant to stem rot were mainly derived from Lüda red bone group,Foreign Reid group and P group. Maize backbone inbred lines should be used by combined with disease resistance analyzing.

【Objective】To analyze the relationship between the growth and development of mechanical grain harvesting varieties of spring maize and the dominant temperature factors in different growth stages in northern China,and to reveal the matching mechanism between the growth and development of mechanical grain harvesting varieties of spring maize and thermal resources,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the selection and promotion of mechanical grain harvesting varieties of spring maize in areas with different thermal conditions.【Methods】 The late maturing varieties,early maturing varieties and mechanical grain harvesting varieties of spring maize suitable for local growing conditions were used as the experimental materials. The late maturing varieties were Zhengdan 958（ZD958）,early maturing varieties were Demeiya No.1（DMY1）,and grain harvesting varieties were J6518,C1563 and Dika 159. The variety×density tests were conducted in Lingdong warm-cool area（EXM）,Lingnan warm area（SXM）,Yanshan hilly area（NYH）and West Liaohe plain area（WLR）with different thermal conditions in Inner Mongolia. The effects of temperature factors on growth periods before and after anthesis,matter accumulation and grain yield of different types of spring maize varieties were analyzed.【Results】The daily average temperature（T_a）and daily range（T_r）were the core temperature factors affecting the matter accumulation of mechanical grain harvesting spring maize before and after anthesis. In areas with limited heat,the proportion of growth days before and after anthesis were 5.0∶5.0;in areas with sufficient heat,the growth days before anthesis were longer than that after anthesis,and the proportion of growth days before and after anthesis were 4.5∶5.5. The relationship between pre-anthesis T_a and pre-anthesis matter accumulation accorded with the linear law of y=7.08x-133.6. For each increase of T_a by 0.1 ℃,the pre-anthesis biomass was increased by 0.71 t/hm². The relationship between post-anthesis T_r and post-anthesis matter accumulation accorded with the linear law of y=7.94x-82.68. For each increase of T_r by 0.1 ℃,the post-anthesis matter accumulation increased by 0.79 t/hm².【Conclusion】When the proportions of growth and development days before and after anthesis of mechanical grain harvesting varieties of spring maize were 4.5-5.0∶5.0-5.5,higher pre-anthesis T_a and higher post-anthesis T_r were the premise to achieve high yield and high efficiency.

【Objective】To investigate the effects of nitrogen reduction and fertilizer replacement on potato growth and water use efficiency in arid and semi-arid area of northern piedmont of Yinshan Mountain.【Methods】The research area was Wuchuan Dry Farming Experimental Station in Inner Mongolia. Seven treatments were set up：the balanced application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer（NPK）,20% reduction of nitrogen application（RN）,no nitrogen application（PK）,20% reduction of nitrogen application+water soluble fertilizer to replace 20% of the total nitrogen application（RN+WF）,20% reduction of nitrogen application+sheep dung to replace 20% of the total nitrogen application（RN+SM）,20% reduction of nitrogen application+bio-organic fertilizer to replace 20% of the total nitrogen application（RN+BM）and 20% reduction of nitrogen application+slow-release urea to replace 20% of total nitrogen application（RN+RUN）,and with NPK as the control,the differences of potato growth,yield and water use efficiency under different fertilization treatments were analyzed,and the soil water content in 0-100 cm soil layer was measured.【Results】The dry matter accumulation,leaf area index,yield and water use efficiency of potato under different fertilization treatments were significantly higher than those under NPK treatment（P<0.05）,and RN+BM treatment had the best performance. Under RN+BM treatment,the potato yield was 39 353.40 kg/hm²,16.95% higher than that under NPK treatment. The water use efficiency of RN+BM treatment was 165.44 kg/（hm²·mm）,which was 8.86% higher than that of NPK treatment. During the whole growth period of potato,soil water content increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of soil depth.【Conclusion】Potato yield and water use efficiency were the best among different treatments when 20% reduction of nitrogen application+bio-organic fertilizer to replace 20% of the total nitrogen application,which was more suitable for potato planting in arid and semi-arid area at the northern piedmont of Yinshan Mountain.

【Objective】To explore the effects of sheep dung anaerobic and aerobic compost extracts on the growth,yield,quality of pakchoi and soil salt content.【Methods】With pakchoi as test samples,taking a pot experiment in greenhouse,five treatments including no organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer（CK）,single compound fertilizer（T1）,sheep dung anaerobic compost extract（T2）,sheep dung aerobic compost extract（T3）,rotten sheep dung compost（T4）,comparative analysis of pakchoi growth,yield,quality and soil salt content were done.【Results】The soil total potassium content and available nitrogen content of T1 treatment were 21.30 g/kg and 232.00 mg/kg,which were significantly different from those of other treatment groups（P<0.05）. The plant height,nitrate content,protein content and VC content of T2 treatment were 22.25 cm,4 022.00 mg/kg,3.06 g/100 g and 45.80 mg/100 g,which were significantly different from those of other treatment groups（P<0.05）. The weight per plant,yield of pakchoi and soil total nitrogen content in T3 treatment were 23.65 g/plant,31 545.00 kg/hm² and 2.92 g/kg,which were significantly different from those of other treatment groups（P<0.05）.【Conclusion】After applying sheep dung anaerobic compost extract and aerobic compost extract,pakchoi grew vigorously,yield was higher and quality was improved,which also played a positive role in the improvement of soil secondary salinization in greenhouse.

【Objective】The effects of different fertilization methods on maize yield and nitrogen and phosphorus leaching loss in farmland were investigated.【Methods】The three of fertilizing were set up：conventional treatment（CK）,the main factor to optimize treatment（KF）,a comprehensive optimization treatment（BMP）,optimize treatments than conventional treatment 23.63% reduction of nitrogen and 26.55% reduction of phosphorus,including comprehensive optimization treatment as the straw returned;maize grain yield and straw yield,plant biomass,nitrogen and phosphorus uptake,water leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus loss were determined.【Results】There were no significant differences in maize grain yield,straw yield,plant biomass,total nitrogen uptake and total phosphorus uptake among the three fertilization methods（P>0.05）. The annual cumulative loss of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in CK treatment was significantly higher than that in KF treatment and BMP treatment（P<0.05）. Compared with CK,the annual cumulative loss of total nitrogen of KF treatment and BMP treatment was 49.73% and 52.43%,and the annual cumulative loss of total phosphorus of KF treatment and BMP treatment was 38.49% and 59.18%,respectively.【Conclusion】The optimization of fertilization methods could guarantee the yield of maize and reduce the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus leaching loss,and reduce farmland non-point source pollution.

【Objective】To investigate the effects of SBPase gene overexpression on agronomic traits and photosynthetic characteristics of tobacco.【Methods】Tobacco leaves were transformed with expression vectors containing SBPase gene to obtain transgenic tobacco lines L1,L2,and L3. Wild-type tobacco WT was used as control,and low-copy transgenic plants were screened by microdrop digital PCR,and agronomic traits and photosynthetic characteristics of transgenic tobacco were measured.【Results】It was found that the stem circumference and leaf length of three transgenic tobacco lines was significantly（P<0.05） higher than that of wild-type,the stem circumference increased by 52.47%,21.34%,and 49.17%,respectively;leaf length increased by 30.77%,25.96%,and 39.10%,respectively. The leaf width was extremely significantly higher（P<0.01）than that of wild-type tobacco by 55.48%,53.82%,and 65.39%,respectively. The number of leaves and plant height of transgenic tobacco were higher than that of wild-type tobacco,but the difference were not significant（P>0.05）. The net photosynthetic rates of three transgenic tobacco lines were significantly（P<0.05）higher than those of wild-type tobacco by 88.2%,43.6%,and 27.1%,respectively. The transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were slightly higher than those of wild-type tobacco,but the differences were not significant（P>0.05）. Intercellular CO₂ concentration was significantly（P<0.05）higher than that of wild-type tobacco,which was 13.0%,4.4%,and 4.3% higher,respectively.【Conclusion】The overexpression of SBPase gene greatly improved the photosynthetic performance of tobacco,which could accumulate more photosynthetic products and promote its own growth.

【Objective】To screen the strains of Lotus corniculatus with strong drought resistance.【Methods】The stem anatomical structures of four Lotus corniculatus strains（B1,B2,B3 and B4）were observed by paraffin section,the stem cross-sections were analyzed,and eight characteristic parameters of anatomical traits were measured：epidermal cell thickness,cortical cell thickness,xylem thickness,phloem thickness,pulp diameter,stem area,vessel diameter,xylem and phloem area. Variance analysis,principal component analysis,correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance were carried out.【Results】There was no significant difference in the stem anatomical structure of the four Lotus corniculatus strains. The cross-sectional structure was composed of epidermis,cortex and vascular column. The variance analysis of stem anatomical traits showed that the largest coefficient of variation was the xylem and phloem area,and the smallest was the phloem thickness. The F value of pulp diameter was the largest,while that of phloem thickness was the smallest. Principal component analysis showed that the eigenvalues of the first principal component,the second principal component and the third principal component were 5.089,1.219 and 1.032,respectively,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 91.743% which exceeded 85%,indicating that the first three principal component factors of the four Lotus corniculatus strains could summarize the main information of the eight stem anatomical traits. Correlation analysis showed that the cortical cell thickness was extremely significantly positively correlated with xylem thickness,pulp diameter and stem area（P<0.01）,and the correlation coefficients were 0.970,0.921 and 0.983,respectively. Xylem thickness was extremely significantly positively correlated with pulp diameter and stem area（P<0.01）,and the correlation coefficients were 0.929 and 0.964,respectively. There was a extremely significant positive correlation between pulp diameter and stem area（P<0.01）,and the correlation coefficient was 0.958. The comprehensive analysis of membership function showed that the drought resistance of the four Lotus corniculatus strains was B1>B3>B4>B2.【Conclusion】The eight stem anatomical traits could be used as the anatomical indexes for comparison of drought resistance of Lotus corniculatus strains,and could make more accurate drought resistance identification of Lotus corniculatus;B1 strain had stronger drought resistance.

【Objective】To study the effects of soaking with Ce³⁺,VC and Ac-DEVD-CHO on the antioxidant system of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds with different storage years.【Methods】Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds stored for 3,5 and 7 years were soaked with distilled water（CK）,CeCl₃,VC,Ac-DEVD-CHO,VC+CeCl₃ and Ac-DEVD-CHO+CeCl₃. The activities of SOD,POD,CAT and APX,the production rate of ·O₂^-,and the contents of H₂O₂ and MDA of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds with different treatments and storage years were measured.【Results】Compared with CK,CeCl₃ treatment significantly increased the SOD activity of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds stored for 5 and 7 years（P<0.05）,different seed soaking treatments significantly increased the POD activity of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds stored for 3 years（P<0.05）,Ac-DEVD-CHO treatment significantly increased the CAT activity of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds stored for 5 and 7 years（P<0.05）,and different seed soaking treatments significantly increased the APX activity of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds stored for 7 years（P<0.05）. Compared with CK,different seed soaking treatments decreased the ·O₂^- production rate of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds stored for 5 and 7 years,among which VC+CeCl₃ and Ac-DEVD-CHO+CeCl₃ treatments significantly decreased the ·O₂^- production rate of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds（P<0.05）. The treatments of VC,Ac-DEVD-CHO,VC+CeCl₃ and Ac-DEVD-CHO+CeCl₃ treatments significantly decreased the H₂O₂ content of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds stored for 5 and 7 years（P<0.05）. CeCl₃ and VC treatments decreased the MDA content of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds stored for 5 and 7 years,but no significant difference was observed （P>0.05）.【Conclusion】Compared with the other seed soaking treatments,CeCl₃ treatment had the best effect on improving SOD activity of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds;generally,the combinative treatments of VC with Ac-DEVD-CHO and CeCl₃ had better effect on removal of ·O₂^- production rate of Allium mongolicum Regel. seeds.

Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus,apple stem pitting virus and apple stem grooving virus are the three most common viruses in apple production. These three viruses usually combine to infect apple trees,causing huge economic losses to the apple industry worldwide. At present,prevention of large outbreaks of the three viruses is mainly through the cultivation of virus-free seedlings and strengthening quarantine in production. In this paper,the research status of the three viruses at home and abroad was systematically reviewed from the aspects of biology,molecular characteristics and pathogenic mechanism,and the future research on gene function and pathogenic mechanism of the three viruses was prospected,in order to provide reference for the effective prevention and control of the three viruses.

【Objective】To investigate the effects of stem rust infection on antioxidant system of different oat varieties.【Methods】The susceptible varieties Bayou No. 1 and Mengyan No. 1 and the resistant varieties Bayou No.18 and Baiyan No. 5 were selected as the test materials,and distilled water as a control,to analyze the changes of reactive oxygen species content and antioxidant enzyme activities in different organs of oat after inoculation with stem rust bacteria for 1,3,5,7,9 d.【Results】The changes of reactive oxygen species in leaves of susceptible and resistant oat varieties were different after inoculation. H₂O₂ content in leaves of resistant oat varieties was more accumulated than that of susceptible oat varieties,and the increase of ·O₂^- content in susceptible oat varieties was greater than that of resistant oat varieties. The activities of SOD,POD,PAL and CAT in oat leaves after inoculation with stem rust bacteria were higher than those in CK. After inoculation,SOD activity in leaves of susceptible and resistant oat varieties reached peak values on day 3 and 9,respectively. Compared with CK,susceptible variety Mengyan No. 1 was significantly increased by 63.2% and 47.5%（P<0.05）,and Bayou No. 1 was significantly increased by 50.0% and 73.8%（P<0.05）,respectively. During 7 to 9 days after inoculation,CAT activity in leaves of Bayou No. 1 and Mengyan No. 1 was significantly increased by 24.8%-30.7% and 20.4%-30.0% compared with CK（P<0.05）,respectively.During 5 to 9 days after inoculation,CAT activity in leaves of Bayou No. 18 and Baiyan No. 5 was significantly increased by 27.6%-55.8% and 37.2%-48.3%（P<0.05）,respectively.【Conclusion】After inoculation with stem rust bacteria,resistant oat varieties produced reactive oxygen species quickly and increased the activity of defense enzymes,which resulted in earlier defense response and improved disease resistance than susceptible varieties.

【Objective】To clarify the relationship between the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of forages and the feeding behavior of Dasyhippus barbipes,so as to provide ecological and chemical theory basis for grassland locust disaster management.【Methods】The effects of artificial feed with different ratios on the survival duration and feeding behavior of Dasyhippus barbipes were analyzed by setting up nitrogen∶carbon series（7∶35,14∶28,28∶28,28∶14,35∶7）and sucrose∶starch series（0∶50.0,12.5∶37.5,25.0∶25.0,37.5∶12.5,50.0∶0）. At the same time,the split zone design was used to test the nutrient contents of Leymus chinensis and Stipa krylovii. The treatments of grazing×no water replenishment,grazing×water replenishment,no grazing×no water replenishment,and no grazing×water replenishment were set up. The contents of C,H,N and S in Leymus chinensis and Stipa krylovii were analyzed,and the total carbon to nitrogen ratio（C∶N）and the total carbon to hydrogen ratio（C∶H）were calculated.【Results】In the artificial feed experiment,in terms of survival duration,the average survival duration of female Dasyhippus barbipes was 13.7 days and that of male was 11.5 days. The average survival duration of female Dasyhippus barbipes was longer than that of male. In terms of body weight growth rate,the presence of the peak of body weight growth rate of male Dasyhippus barbipes was earlier than that of female. Male Dasyhippus barbipes had better performance in development in the early stage of feeding,and female had better performance in development in the late stage of feeding. In terms of feeding behavior,among the nitrogen∶carbon series of artificial feed,the order of female Dasyhippus barbipes feeding amount was 14∶28>7∶35>28∶14>28∶28>35∶7,and that of male feeding amount was 14∶28>35∶7>28∶28>28∶14>7∶35;among the sucrose∶starch series of artificial feed,the order of female Dasyhippus barbipes feeding amount was 12.5∶37.5>37.5∶12.5>25.0∶25.0>50.0∶0>0∶50.0,and that of male feeding amount was 12.5∶37.5>50.0∶0>25.0∶25.0>37.5∶12.5>0∶50.0. Compared with the treatments of no grazing×no water replenishment and no grazing×water replenishment,the treatments of grazing×no water replenishment and grazing×water replenishment significantly（P<0.05）increased the total contents of C and N in Leymus chinensis. Compared with the treatment of grazing×no water replenishment,the treatment of grazing×water replenishment significantly（P<0.05）increased the total contents of N and C∶ N,and significantly（P<0.05）reduced the total contents of S in Leymus chinensis. The treatments of grazing×no water replenishment and grazing×water replenishment significantly（P<0.05）increased the total contents of C,extremely significantly（P<0.01）increased the total contents of N,H and S,and extremely significantly（P<0.01）reduced C∶N in Stipa krylovii.【Conclusion】Both female and male Dasyhippus barbipes preferred the feed with nitrogen∶carbon of 14∶28;female disliked the feed with nitrogen∶carbon of 35∶7,and male disliked the feed with nitrogen∶carbon of 7∶35. Both female and male Dasyhippus barbipes preferred the feed with sucrose∶starch of 12.5∶37.5,and disliked the feed with sucrose∶starch of 0∶50.0. Grazing and water replenishment ameliorated the nutritional components of Leymus chinensis and Stipa krylovii,and grazing had greater impact in comparison with water replenishment.

【Objective】To evaluate the predation preference of Amblyseius andersoni（A. andersoni）,a new recorded species,to different prey.【Methods】The predation preference of female adults of A. andersoni to different states of Bemisia tabaci（B. tabaci）and Tetranychus truncatus（T. truncatus）was analyzed by means of predation quantity and predation preference test combined with Cain evaluation index.【Results】In the predation quantity test,for B. tabaci,the highest average daily predation and total predation of A. andersoni was observed in 1^st instar nymph,which were 7.19±0.59 and 113.29±7.95,respectively;for T. truncatus,the highest average daily predation and total predation of A. andersoni was observed in larvae,which were 12.00±2.18 and 186.71±7.18,respectively. In the predation preference test,the predation quantity of A. andersoni against 1^st instar nymph of B. tabaci was 7.90±1.22,the predation quantity of A. andersoni against egg of B. tabaci was 2.50±0.59,and the Cain index（D）was 3.16>1;the predation quantity of A. andersoni against larvae of T. truncatus was 17.35±1.80,and the predation quantity of A. andersoni against egg of T. truncatus was 15.60±2.99,and the Cain index（D）was 1.11>1;the predation quantity of A. andersoni against 1^st instar nymph of B. tabaci was lower in comparison with larvae of T. truncatus,and the Cain index（D）was 0.51<1.【Conclusion】Compared with B. tabaci, A. andersoni showed higher predation preference to T. truncatus,especially for larvae of T. truncatus.

【Objective】To clarify the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oil from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum,and to provide reference for further development and utilization of essential oil products from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum.【Methods】The antioxidant activity of essential oil from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum was analyzed by measuring the scavenging of ·OH amd ·O₂^-and reducing capacities of different concentrations of the fruit of Pugionium cornutum diluents. At the same time,the antibacterial activity of essential oil from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum against Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis,Listeria monocytogenes,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Candida lipolitica and Aspergillus niger were detected.【Results】The antioxidative activity of essential oil from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum was strong,and it increased with the increase of the concentration of essential oil from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum. The scavenging ·O₂^- ability of essential oil from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum was better than vitamin C（VC）and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol（BHT）,but the reducing ability was lower than VC and BHT. The essential oil from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum had strong antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Listeria monocytogenes,Bacillus subtilis,Aspergillus niger,Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida alpium. The minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）against Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes was 40 mg/mL. The MIC was 30 mg/mL for Bacillus subtilis,8 mg/mL for Aspergillus niger,Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albatum. The inhibition zone diameter of Listeria monocytogenes was 15.34 mm,which was high-sensitive type. The inhibition zone diameters of Escherichia coli,Aspergillus niger,Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Staphylococcus aureus were 14.29,14.00,11.26 and 10.20 mm,respectively,which was moderate-sensitive type. The diameters of inhibition zone of Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans were 9.70 mm and 7.69 mm,respectively,which was low-sensitive type. The order of inhibitory effect of essential oil from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum on the tested bacteria was Listeria monocytogenes>Escherichia coli>Aspergillus niger>Saccharomyces cerevisiae>Staphylococcus aureus>Bacillus subtilis>Candida lipolitica.【Conclusion】The essential oil from the fruit of Pugionium cornutum had strong antioxidant activity and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity,which was a kind of natural plant material with good prospect for development and utilization.

【Objective】To construct an evaluation index system for the windbreak and sand-fixing technology model of Cyperus esculentus guided by ecology,life and production integration concepts,so as to provide references for evaluating the actual efficacy of the technology model,adjusting and optimizing the technical plan,and broadening the path selection of ecological management technology in windy and sandy areas in northern China.【Methods】The evaluation indexes and their corresponding weights of windbreak and sand-fixing technology model of Cyperus esculentus guided by ecology,life and production integration concepts were determined by using target hierarchy method,Likert scale method,analytical hierarchy process method and expert grading method.【Results】An evaluation index system composed of the target layer,the criterion layer and the index layer was constructed,and there were 11 ecological effect indexes,6 economic effect indexes and 6 social effect indexes in the constructed evaluation system. Furthermore,the weight for each evaluation index was determined. The weights of ecological effect,economic effect and social effect in the criterion layer were 0.568,0.229 and 0.203,respectively.【Conclusion】Ecological effect had higher weight in the windbreak and sand-fixing technology model of Cyperus esculentus guided by ecology,life and production integration concepts. Through consistency check and actual test,the index weights of the constructed evaluation index system were compatible with the technology research and development goals,and were adaptive to the characteristics of the ecological environment in windy and sandy areas in north China and the industry development status of Cyperus esculentus.