日粮添加酵母培养物对育肥羊生产性能、屠宰性能及脏器指数的影响

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2023.02.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

[目的]探究日粮添加酵母培养物对哈萨克羊育肥羊生产性能、屠宰性能及脏器指数的影响。[方法]将30只3月龄哈萨克羊公羊随机分为0 YC组（对照组）、20 YC组和40 YC组，每组10只。在相同的饲养管理条件下，0 YC组饲喂精粗（精料∶玉米青贮）比为70∶30的基础日粮，20 YC组、40 YC组分别在基础日粮中添加20、40 g/（d·只）的酵母培养物，进行为期31 d的试验。于试验第1天和第30天晨饲前对试验羊只称重，每天记录各圈舍的日粮投喂量及剩料量，计算试验期间的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比。于试验最后1天每组随机选取体重相近的5只哈萨克羊屠宰，测定屠宰性能指标；采集试验羊的内脏器官，计算脏器指数。[结果]各组羊只的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比均无显著差异（P>0.05）；20 YC组和40 YC组育肥羊的平均日增重与0 YC组相比分别提高了7.75%和5.67%，20 YC组的平均日采食量与0 YC组相比提高了4.23%，20 YC组和40 YC组育肥羊的料重比与0 YC组相比分别降低了3.40%和5.80%；20 YC组羊只的平均日采食量和平均日增重与40 YC组相比有小幅度升高（P>0.05）。与0 YC组相比，20 YC组育肥羊宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率分别提高了1.30%、7.32%、5.95%（P>0.05），40 YC组育肥羊的宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率分别提高了1.66%、7.22%、5.24%（P>0.05）；20 YC组、40 YC组育肥羊的尾脂重较0 YC组分别降低了13.67%、9.38%（P>0.05）；20 YC组育肥羊的宰前活重、尾脂重略低于40 YC组（P>0.05），胴体重和屠宰率略高于40 YC组（P>0.05）。20 YC组、40 YC组育肥羊的心脏、肝脏、肺脏、脾脏和肾脏指数与0 YC组相比均有小幅度提高，但差异不显著（P>0.05）；20 YC组改善育肥羊脏器指数的效果略优于40 YC组。[结论]在日粮中添加酵母培养物对哈萨克羊育肥羊生产性能、屠宰性能及脏器指数的提高与改善有一定积极作用，添加量为20 g/（d·只）时效果更好。

关键词: 哈萨克羊, 酵母培养物, 生产性能, 屠宰性能, 脏器指数

Abstract:

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary yeast culture supplementation on production performance, slaughter performance and visceral organ indices of fattening Kazakh sheep. [Method] A total of 30 three-month-old Kazakh rams were randomly divided into 0 YC group （control group）, 20 YC group and 40 YC group with 10 in each group. Under the same feeding and management conditions, the 0 YC group fed a basal diet with a concentrate to roughage （concentrate∶corn silage） ratio of 70∶30, and the 20 YC and 40 YC groups fed the same basal diet supplemented with 20 and 40 g yeast culture per ram per day, respectively. The feeding experiment lasted for 31 days. On 1^st and 30^th days of the experiment, the rams were weighed before morning feeding. The daily amount of feed offered to the rams and the remaining amount of feed in each sheep barn were recorded. The average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio during the experiment were calculated. On the final day of the experiment, 5 Kazakh rams with comparable body weights were chosen at random from each group and slaughtered. The indicators associated with slaughter performance were measured, and the visceral organ indices were calculated. [Result] There were no significant （P>0.05） differences in the average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio among different groups. Compared to the 0 YC group, the average daily gain in the 20 YC and 40 YC groups increased by 7.75% and 5.67%, respectively; the average daily feed intake in the 20 YC group increased by 4.23%; the feed to gain ratio in the 20 YC and 40 YC groups decreased by 3.40% and 5.80%, respectively. In addition, the average daily feed intake and average daily gain in the 20 YC group were slightly higher than those in the 40 YC group （P>0.05）. Compared with the 0 YC group, the live weight before slaughter, carcass weight and slaughter rate in the 20 YC group increased by 1.30%, 7.32% and 5.95%（P>0.05）, respectively, while those in the 40 YC group increased by 1.66%, 7.22% and 5.24%（P>0.05）, respectively. The tail fat weight in the 20 YC and 40 YC groups decreased by 13.67% and 9.38% （P>0.05） compared with the 0 YC group, respectively. The live weight before slaughter and tail fat weight in the 20 YC group were slightly lower than those in the 40 YC group （P>0.05）, while the carcass weight and slaughter rate were slightly higher than those in the 40 YC group （P>0.05）. The indices of heart, liver, lung, spleen and kidney in the 20 YC and 40 YC groups were slightly higher than those in the 0 YC group, but the differences were not significant （P>0.05）. The improving effect on visceral organ indices in the 20 YC group was slightly superior to that in the 40 YC group. [Conclusion] Dietary yeast culture supplementation has positive effects on production performance, slaughter performance and visceral organ indices of fattening Kazakh sheep, and the effects are better when the supplementation amount is 20 g per day per ram.

Key words: Kazakh sheep, yeast culture, production performance, slaughter performance, visceral organ index

中图分类号:

任斐儿, 杨帆, 郭翠洁, 宗树浩, 艾科热木·麦麦提江, 陈开旭. 日粮添加酵母培养物对育肥羊生产性能、屠宰性能及脏器指数的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2023, 44(2): 39-43.

REN Fei′er, YANG Fan, GUO Cuijie, ZONG Shuhao, Aikeremu Maimaitijiang, CHEN Kaixu. Effects of Dietary Yeast Culture Supplementation on Production Performance, Slaughter Performance and Visceral Organ Indices of Fattening Sheep[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2023, 44(2): 39-43.

图/表 4

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