肾脏处方粮对急性肾损伤犬的辅助治疗效果评估

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]研究肾脏处方粮对犬急性肾损伤（acute kidney injury,AKI）的辅助治疗效果。[方法]选取18只体重约10 kg的成年犬,随机分为3组（每组6只）,分别为A组、B组和C组。对A组和B组实验犬皮下注射庆大霉素,构建犬AKI模型,C组不做造模处理。当A、B两组造模至AKI Ⅲ级（血液肌酐浓度221~439 μmol/L）时,开展常规输液治疗,A组饲喂处方粮,B组饲喂普通日粮,C组饲喂处方粮。自造模成功后的第0、2、4、6、8、10天,采集犬的血液和尿液样本,检测肌酐（creatinine, CREA）浓度、血尿素氮（blood urea nitrogen,BUN）浓度、血磷浓度、总蛋白浓度、白蛋白（ALB）浓度、血细胞比容（HCT）、pH值、碳酸氢根离子（HCO₃^-）浓度、USG（尿比重）和尿沉渣水平等指标。[结果]C组各项检测指标均处于犬的正常参考范围内。A组肌酐（creatinine,CREA）、尿素氮（blood urea nitrogen, BUN）和血磷浓度等肾损伤关键指标较B组下降时间更早、幅度更大;在饲喂试验的第10天,A组的CREA和血磷浓度恢复到犬正常参考水平范围且显著（P<0.05）低于B组;在第6、8和10天,A组的pH值和碳酸氢根离子（HCO₃^-）浓度恢复到犬正常参考水平范围且显著（P<0.05）高于B组;在第8、10 天,A组USG显著（P<0.05）高于B组,而管型数量显著（P<0.05）低于B组,说明A组肾脏功能恢复时间更早、恢复速度更快。试验期间,3组的ALB和HCT均处于犬正常参考水平范围。[结论]相较于普通日粮,肾脏处方粮对AKI模型犬具有较好的辅助治疗效果,可为其在宠物临床应用上提供参考。

关键词: 犬, 处方粮, 急性肾损伤, 辅助治疗

Abstract: [Objective] To investigate the adjuvant therapeutic effect of a renal prescription diet on dogs with acute kidney injury （AKI）. [Methods] Eighteen adult dogs weighing approximately 10 kg were randomly divided into three groups （6 dogs per group）: Group A, Group B, and Group C. Dogs in Groups A and B were subcutaneously injected with gentamicin to establish a dog AKI model, while Group C received no modeling treatment. When Groups A and B reached AKI Stage Ⅲ （blood creatinine concentration of 221-439 μmol/L), conventional fluid therapy was initiated. Group A was fed a prescription diet, Group B was fed a regular diet, and Group C was fed the prescription diet. Blood and urine samples of the dogs were collected on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 post-modeling to measure creatinine （CREA） concentration, blood urea nitrogen （BUN） concentration, blood phosphorus concentration, total protein concentration, albumin （ALB） concentration, hematocrit （HCT）, pH, bicarbonate （HCO₃^-） concentration, urine specific gravity （USG）, and urinary sediment level and other related indicators. [Results] All measured indicators in Group C remained within the normal reference range for dogs. Key renal injury indicators, including creatinine （CREA）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, and blood phosphorus concentrations, decreased earlier and to a greater extent in Group A compared to Group B. By day 10 of the feeding experiment, CREA and blood phosphorus concentrations in Group A returned to the normal reference range for dogs and were significantly lower （P<0.05） than those in Group B. On days 6, 8, and 10, pH and bicarbonate （HCO₃^-） concentrations in Group A returned to the normal reference range for dogs and were significantly higher （P<0.05） than those in Group B. On days 8 and 10, USG in Group A was significantly higher （P<0.05）, while the number of casts was significantly lower （P<0.05） than in Group B, indicating earlier and faster recovery of renal function in Group A. Throughout the experiment, ALB and HCT levels in all three groups remained within the normal reference range for dogs. [Conclusion] Compared to a regular diet, the renal prescription diet exhibits a superior adjuvant therapeutic effect on dogs with AKI, providing a reference for its clinical application in companion animals.

Key words: dog, prescription diet, acute kidney injury, adjuvant therapy

中图分类号:

S858.292

林家琪, 陈海捷, 郑浩, 金国峰, 余婧南, 施柔安, 刘国芳. 肾脏处方粮对急性肾损伤犬的辅助治疗效果评估[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2025, 46(4): 23-32.

LIN Jiaqi, CHEN Haijie, ZHENG Hao, JIN Guofeng, YU Jingnan, SHI Rouan, LIU Guofang. Evaluation of the Adjuvant Therapeutic Effect of Renal Prescription Diet on Dogs with Acute Kidney Injury[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2025, 46(4): 23-32.

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