影响好氧堆肥效果主要因素的研究进展

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.05.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着农牧业的快速发展,畜禽粪便和农作物秸秆等有机废弃物的处理和利用成为重要的环境和资源问题。堆肥作为一种高效、经济的处理方法,不仅能减少环境污染,还能将有机废弃物转化为有价值的有机肥料。好氧堆肥是堆肥的主要方式,其通过好氧菌的代谢活动促使有机物生物降解,发酵过程中产生的高温可以杀灭堆肥中的虫卵、病害生物和杂草种子等,推动堆肥实现腐殖化、无害化,最终形成绿色的有机肥料。综述了影响好氧堆肥效果的关键因素,包括碳氮比、含水率、氧气含量、pH值、温度和发酵微生物等有关参数,旨在明确各因素对堆肥效果的调控机制,为相关领域的研究与实践提供参考。

关键词: 有机废弃物, 好氧堆肥, 发酵腐熟, 影响因素

Abstract: With the rapid development of agriculture and animal husbandry, the treatment and utilization of organic wastes, such as livestock and poultry manure and crop straw, have become significant environmental and resource challenges. Composting, as an efficient and economic treatment method, not only reduces environmental pollution but also converts organic wastes into valuable organic fertilizer. Aerobic composting is the primary method of composting, which promotes the biodegradation of organic matter through the metabolic activities of aerobic microorganisms, with the high temperatures generated during fermentation process eliminating insect eggs, pathogenic organisms, and weed seeds, thereby facilitating the humification and harmlessness of the compost, and ultimately producing a green organic fertilizer. This review summarizes the key factors affecting the efficiency of aerobic composting, including parameters such as carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, moisture content, oxygen content, pH value, temperature, and fermentation microorganisms, with the aim of clarifying the regulatory mechanisms of these factors on composting efficiency and providing a reference for relevant research and practice in this field.

Key words: organic waste, aerobic composting, fermentation and maturation, affecting factors

中图分类号:

S141.4

岳林芳, 李蕴华, 李胤豪, 凤英, 于朝晖, 成立新. 影响好氧堆肥效果主要因素的研究进展[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2025, 46(5): 100-109.

YUE Linfang, LI Yunhua, LI Yinhao, FENG Ying, YU Zhaohui, CHENG Lixin. Research Progress on the Main Factors Affecting the Efficiency of Aerobic Composting[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2025, 46(5): 100-109.

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