柯坪县规模化养殖场双峰驼隐孢子虫感染情况调查与种类鉴定

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2024.02.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]掌握新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区柯坪县规模化养殖场双峰驼隐孢子虫的感染情况和种类分布情况。[方法]从柯坪县4个乡（镇）6个规模化双峰驼养殖场共收集516份粪便样本,全部提取DNA样本,基于隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium）SSU rDNA序列进行PCR检测,序列比对分析后进行隐孢子虫种类鉴定;采用χ²检验法比较不同规模化养殖场双峰驼隐孢子虫的感染率差异;将被鉴定为微小隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium parvum,C. parvum）阳性的DNA样本,基于gp60基因序列进行PCR检测,序列比对分析后进行微小隐孢子虫亚型鉴定。[结果]516份双峰驼粪便DNA样本中检测出34份隐孢子虫阳性,总体感染率为6.59%（34/516）,以阿恰勒镇养殖场2的双峰驼隐孢子虫感染率最高,为9.57%（9/94）;不同养殖场双峰驼隐孢子虫的感染率统计学差异显著（χ²=5.497,P<0.05）。基于SSU rDNA序列,34条隐孢子虫序列经比对分析,鉴定出3种隐孢子虫,分别为安氏隐孢子虫（n=29）、隐孢子虫大鼠基因型Ⅳ（n=1）和微小隐孢子虫（n=4）;基于gp60基因序列,4条微小隐孢子虫序列经比对分析,均鉴定为Ⅰd-like-A21亚型,具有独特的遗传进化特点。[结论]柯坪县双峰驼隐孢子虫感染率较低,其感染的微小隐孢子虫具有独特亚型。研究结果为我国双峰驼源隐孢子虫种类分布特征和遗传进化提供了基础数据。

关键词: 隐孢子虫, 感染, 种类鉴定, 双峰驼

Abstract: [Objective] This study was conducted to understand the infection status and species distribution of Cryptosporidium in Bactrian camels in large-scale farms in Kalpin County, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. [Method] A total of 516 fecal samples were collected from 6 large-scale Bactrian camel farms in 4 townships or towns of Kalpin County, and were then subjected to genomic DNA extraction. PCR assay was carried out targeting the SSU rDNA of Cryptosporidium. After sequence alignment analysis, Cryptosporidium species were identified. The χ² test was used to statistically compare the infection rates of Cryptosporidium in Bactrian camels among different farms. DNA samples identified as Cryptosporidium parvum （C. parvum） positive were used to perform PCR assay targeting the gp60 gene. C. parvum subtypes were determined following sequencing alignment analysis. [Result] Out of the 516 fecal DNA samples of Bactrian camels, 34 samples were positive for Cryptosporidium, with an overall infection rate of 6.59% （34/516）. The NO.2 farm in Aqial Town had the highest infection rate of 9.57% （9/94）. There were statistically significant differences （χ²=5.497, P<0.05） in the infection rates of Cryptosporidium in Bactrian camels from different farms. Three species of Cryptosporidium, including Cryptosporidium andersoni （n=29）, Cryptosporidium rat genotype Ⅳ （n=1） and C. parvum （n=4）, were identified in the 34 samples positive for Cryptosporidium by the comparison analysis on SSU rDNA sequence. In addition, the 4 samples positive for C. parvum were identified as subtypeⅠd-like-A21 by the comparison analysis on the gp60 gene sequence, exhibiting unique genetic evolution characteristic. [Conclusion] A low infection rate of Cryptosporidium in Bactrian camels in Kalpin County was observed, and the subtype of the infected C. parvum was unique. The results obtained in this study offered fundamental data for characterizing the species distribution and genetic evolution of Cryptosporidium in Bactrian camels in China.

Key words: Cryptosporidium, infection, species identification, Bactrian camel

中图分类号:

S858.242.723

啜力文, 杨彬, 曹梦雅, 齐萌, 赫永强, 司俊飞, 井波, 张振杰. 柯坪县规模化养殖场双峰驼隐孢子虫感染情况调查与种类鉴定[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2024, 45(2): 116-121.

CHUAI Liwen, YANG Bin, CAO Mengya, QI Meng, HE Yongqiang, SI Junfei, JING Bo, ZHANG Zhenjie. Infection Status and Species Identification of Cryptosporidium in Bactrian Camels in Large-scale Farms in Kalpin County[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2024, 45(2): 116-121.

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