妊娠后期饲粮添加浒苔多糖铁对母猪肠道微生态的影响

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.03.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]研究妊娠后期饲粮中添加浒苔多糖铁（EP-Fe）对母猪肠道微生态以及微生态与铁代谢相关性的影响。[方法]选择与配公猪一致、预产期相近、膘情及体型相近的长大二元杂交妊娠后期[（90±2） d]初产母猪60头,随机分为2组,每组30个重复,每个重复1头母猪。从妊娠后期（95 d）开始至分娩结束,对照组饲喂基础日粮,EP-Fe组饲喂基础日粮加140 mg/kg EP-Fe。采集妊娠112 d的新鲜母猪粪便及分娩母猪血清,检测血清生化指标、粪便微生物丰富度和多样性以及粪便短链脂肪酸含量。[结果]妊娠后期母猪饲粮中添加EP-Fe,提高了母猪血清甘油三酯（TG）和白蛋白（ALB）水平;可明显改善妊娠母猪粪便微生物组成,提高了克里斯滕森菌科R-7菌群（Christensenellaceae_R-7_group）、颤螺菌属（Oscillibacter）、普雷沃氏菌科NK3B31菌群（Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group）、瘤胃球菌属（UCG-002）、狭义梭菌属（Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1）、普雷沃氏菌科未分类菌群（unclassified_f__Prevotellaceae）等菌群的相对丰度,降低了毛螺菌属（UCG-008）、未分类变形菌属（norank_ f__norank_o__Gastranaerophilales）菌群的相对丰度,有提高母猪粪便总短链脂肪酸含量的趋势;提高了与粪便铁显著正相关的毛螺菌科XPB1014菌群（Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group）的相对丰度,降低了与母猪胎盘铁转运基因显著负相关的未分类的梭状芽孢杆菌属（norank_f_norank_o_Clostridia_UCG-014）的相对丰度,同时降低了母猪粪便铁水平,促进了胎盘铁转运基因的相对表达,改善了母猪对铁的吸收利用和转运。[结论]EP-Fe能够改善母猪肠道微生物菌群组成,提高短链脂肪酸浓度,促进肠道对铁的吸收,有利于母猪和仔猪之间的铁代谢传递。

关键词: 浒苔多糖铁, 母猪, 粪便短链脂肪酸, 粪便微生物

Abstract: [Objective] To investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Enteromorpha polysaccharide-iron （EP-Fe） during late gestation on intestinal microbiota and iron metabolism in sows. [Methods] Sixty primiparous Landrace × Yorkshire crossbred sows at （90±2） d of gestation with similar body condition, expected farrowing date, and breeding sire were randomly allocated into two groups （30 sows per group, one sow per replicate）. The control group received a basal diet, while the EP-Fe group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 140 mg/kg EP-Fe from gestational day 95 until parturition. Fresh fecal samples from gestational day 112 and serum from farrowed sows were collected to analyze serum biochemical parameters, fecal microbial richness and diversity and fecal short-chain fatty acids （SCFAs） content. [Results] Dietary EP-Fe supplementation increased serum triglyceride （TG） and albumin （ALB） in sows. EP-Fe markedly altered the fecal microbial composition, elevated the relative abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Oscillibacter, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, UCG-002, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and unclassified_f__Prevotell-aceae, while reducing UCG-008 and norank_f__norank_ o__Gastranaerophilales. A tendency toward an increase in fecal SCFA concentrations was also observed. EP-Fe supplementation enhanced the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, which was positively correlated with fecal iron, and decreased norank_f_ norank_ o_Clostridia_UCG-014, which was negatively correlated with placental iron transport genes. These changes reduced fecal iron, upregulated placental iron transporter gene expression, and enhanced iron absorption, utilization and transport in sows. [Conclusion] EP-Fe supplementation can modify the gut microbiota composition, increase SCFAs content, enhance intestinal iron absorption, and promote iron metabolic transfer between sows and piglets.

Key words: Enteromorpha polysaccharide-iron, sow, fecal short-chain fatty acids （SCFAs）, fecal microorganisms

中图分类号:

S828.5

刘红伟, 王鲁波, 刘天龙, 王海华, 谢春艳. 妊娠后期饲粮添加浒苔多糖铁对母猪肠道微生态的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2025, 46(3): 37-47.

LIU Hongwei, WANG Lubo, LIU Tianlong, WANG Haihua, XIE Chunyan. Effect of Dietary Enteromorpha Polysaccharide-iron Supplementation on Fecal Short-chain Fatty Acid Profiles and Microbiota Composition in Late-gestation Sows[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2025, 46(3): 37-47.

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