关键词: 禾本科牧草, 豆科牧草, 农艺性状, 产草量, 引种筛选, 生态修复, 怀仁市

Abstract: [Objective] To screen high-quality grass germplasm resources suitable for Huairen City, Shanxi Province, to enhance grassland productivity and promote ecological restoration. [Methods] This study introduced 10 grass varieties （7 from Poaceae and 3 from Fabaceae） at the Provincial Grass Variety Regional Testing Station at the Science and Technology Service Center of Shanxi Sanggan River Poplar High-Yield Forest Experimental Bureau in Huairen City. Field experiments were conducted to systematically evaluate the growth period, plant height, stem-to-leaf ratio, fresh grass yield, dry grass yield, and dry-to-fresh grass ratio of the 10 grass varieties. Principal component analysis was used for comprehensive evaluation. [Results] All tested grass varieties adapted to the local environment and completed their growth and development cycles. Among the Poaceae, Leymus secalinus cv. Jinbei had a longer growth period, while Leymus chinensis cv. Zhongcao No. 27 had a shorter growth period. Elymus sibiricus cv. Qingmu No.1 exhibited the highest plant height, fresh grass yield, and dry grass yield, which were significantly higher （P<0.05） than those of other Poaceae species. Among the Fabaceae, Lespedeza davurica had a longer growth period, with the highest stem-to-leaf ratio and fresh grass yield; Medicago sativa cv. Aohan had a shorter growth period, with the highest plant height and dry grass yield; and Lespedeza potaninii cv. Tenggeli had the highest dry-to-fresh grass yield ratio. Based on principal component analysis of the six indicators, the ranking of suitability for planting was as follows: for Poaceae, Elymus sibiricus cv. Qingmu No.1>Leymus chinensis cv. Zhongcao No.27>Leymus chinensis cv. Zhongke No.1>Bromus inermis cv. Yuanye>Leymus chinensis cv. Xiwuzhumuqin>Cleistogenes songorica cv. Tenggeli>Leymus secalinus cv. Jinbei; for Fabaceae, Lespedeza davurica > Medicago sativa cv. Aohan>Lespedeza potaninii cv. Tenggeli. [Conclusion] The Poaceae grasses Elymus sibiricus cv. Qingmu No.1, Leymus chinensis cv. Zhongcao No.27, Leymus chinensis cv. Zhongke No.1, and the Fabaceae grass Lespedeza davurica are recommended as superior varieties for ecological restoration and grass industry development in this region.

Key words: Poaceae grass, Fabaceae grass, agronomic traits, grass yield, introduction screening, ecological restoration, Huairen City