草原植被恢复对矿区排土场土壤线虫群落多样性的影响

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2020.02.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 矿区排土场是草原被开垦利用的产物,植被恢复对已破坏草原生态系统具有重要意义。线虫是草原地下生态系统的主要组成部分,对土壤环境反应敏感,可作为一种良好的指示性生物。通过对人工植被恢复8年、人工植被恢复4年、无植被恢复4年的矿区排土场和自然状态下的天然草地中0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层中线虫的数量、种类和群落结构多样性开展研究,旨在揭示草原植被恢复对矿区排土场土壤线虫的影响。结果表明：试验区共分离出土壤线虫51个属,不同草原植被恢复方式影响土壤线虫种类及优势度,不同恢复方式下土壤线虫的优势属有一定差异;草原植被恢复方式影响土壤线虫数量及营养类群,不同草原植被恢复方式下土壤线虫数量及属数从大到小依次为：人工恢复8年>人工恢复4年>天然草地>无恢复4年;人工恢复4年区及8年区捕食/杂食类线虫数量高于无恢复区,整个地下土壤线虫多样性增大;无恢复4年区的H′多样性指数显著（P<0.05）低于其他3种处理,反映出草原植被恢复对土壤线虫群落成熟稳定的作用,揭示了土壤恢复状况。研究结果为矿区排土场生态恢复措施的选择和实施提供了理论依据。

关键词: 草原植被, 煤矿排土场, 土壤线虫, 多样性

Abstract: The mining dump is a product after the reclamation and utilization of grassland. Vegetation restoration is of great significance to the damaged grassland ecosystem. Nematodes are the main component of the grassland underground ecosystem and are sensitive to the soil environment. Accordingly, they can be used as a good indicative organism. In this study, in order to reveal the effects of grassland vegetation restoration on soil nematodes in dumping grounds of mining areas, the numbers, species, diversity and community structure of nematodes in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers of the dumping grounds of mining areas treated with artificial vegetation restoration for 4 and 8 years were assessed. Meanwhile, the dumping grounds of mining area without vegetation restoration treatment for 4 years and the natural grasslands without treatment were also included. The results showed that a total of 51 genera of soil nematodes were isolated in the four tested areas. Different grassland vegetation restoration ways had impacts on the species and dominance of soil nematodes. There were differences in the dominant species of soil nematodes under different restoration ways. The number and nutrient groups of the obtained soil nematodes varied among different grassland vegetation restoration ways, and the number of isolated soil nematodes and that of their corresponding genera were as follows: artificial vegetation restoration for 8 years > artificial vegetation restoration for 4 years > natural grasslands > no vegetation restoration for 4 years. The number of predatory/omnivorous nematodes in the tested areas with artificial vegetation restoration for 4 and 8 years was higher than that in the area with no vegetation restoration for 4 years, and increased diversity of the entire underground soil nematodes in the two areas with artificial vegetation restoration was observed. The H′ diversity index of the area with no vegetation restoration for 4 years was significantly （P<0.05） lower than that of the other three tested areas, which indicated that restoration of grassland vegetation exerted maturity and stability role in soil nematodes community and revealed the soil restoration status. Our results provide a theoretical basis for the selection and implementation of ecological restoration measures for dumping grounds of mining areas.

Key words: grassland vegetation, coal mining dump, soil nematode, diversity

中图分类号:

陈璐, 海棠. 草原植被恢复对矿区排土场土壤线虫群落多样性的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2020, 41(2): 24-30.

CHEN Lu, Haitang. Impact of Different Grassland Vegetation Restoration Ways on Soil Nematode Community Diversity in Dumping Grounds of Mining Areas[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2020, 41(2): 24-30.

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