基于meta分析的放牧强度对中国温性草甸草原生态系统的影响

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.06.006

畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 37-44.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.06.006

基于meta分析的放牧强度对中国温性草甸草原生态系统的影响

郝东恺¹, 金东艳², 那亚¹, 姜熔¹, 刘昊¹, 孙楠¹, 崔岩峰³, 鲍青龙⁴

1.内蒙古农业大学草业学院/草地资源教育部重点实验室/农业农村部饲草栽培、加工和高效利用重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特 010011;
2.中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京 100081;
3.兴安盟农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古乌兰浩特 137400;
4.赤峰市林业和草原局,内蒙古赤峰 024029

收稿日期:2025-06-15 出版日期:2025-11-30 发布日期:2026-01-26
通讯作者: 那亚（1985—）,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,主要从事草地资源管理和利用研究工作。
作者简介:郝东恺（2001—）,男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为草地资源管理。金东艳（1984—）,女,副研究员,博士,主要研究方向为草地生态学。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目（42371127）;内蒙古农业大学草学一流学科科研专项（YLXKZX-NND-010）;中国农业科学院农业信息研究所公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金（JBYW-AII-2024-18;JBYW-AII-2025-09）

Effects of Grazing Intensity on Temperate Meadow Grassland Ecosystems in China Based on a Meta-analysis

HAO Dongkai¹, JIN Dongyan², NA Ya¹, JIANG Rong¹, LIU Hao¹, SUN Nan¹, CUI Yanfeng³, BAO Qinglong⁴

1. College of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010011, China;
2. Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
3. Hinggan League Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center, Ulanhot 137400, China;
4. Chifeng Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Chifeng 024029, China

Received:2025-06-15 Online:2025-11-30 Published:2026-01-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的] 明确放牧强度对中国温性草甸草原生态系统的影响。[方法] 采用meta分析,检索2000年1月—2025年6月中国知网、维普、万方及Web of Science数据库,中文关键词组合为“土壤微生物或细菌或真菌或放线菌”“放牧强度”“温性草甸草原”,英文为“grazing or livestock or stocking rate”“grazing capacity”“temperate meadow grassland”。筛选符合标准的文献,探讨中国温性草甸草原植物群落、土壤养分和土壤微生物对放牧强度的响应。[结果] 与不放牧样地相比,轻度放牧使微生物生物量氮含量显著降低37.3%,轻组分有机碳含量显著增加26.2%。中度放牧使地上生物量和微生物生物量氮含量显著降低100.3%和41.8%。重度放牧下地上生物量、土壤有机碳和全氮含量显著降低122.2%、23.8%和26.7%。[结论] 研究表明,重度放牧显著降低中国温性草甸草原生态系统功能,不利于生态系统可持续性。相比之下,轻度放牧是维持草地生态功能的适宜强度。研究结果为制定温性草甸草原放牧管理策略提供科学依据,建议通过降低放牧强度实现生态保护与畜牧生产的平衡。

关键词: 中国温性草甸草原, 放牧强度, 生态系统, meta分析

Abstract: [Objective] To clarify the effects of grazing intensity on temperate meadow grassland ecosystems in China. [Methods] A meta-analysis was conducted by searching CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and Web of Science databases from January 2000 to June 2025. The Chinese keyword combinations were "soil microorganisms or bacteria or fungi or actinomycetes", "grazing intensity", and "temperate meadow grassland"; the English keywords included "grazing or livestock or stocking rate", "grazing capacity", and "temperate meadow grassland". Literature meeting the inclusion criteria was screened to examine the responses of plant communities, soil nutrients, and soil microorganisms in China's temperate meadow grasslands to grazing intensities. [Results] Compared with ungrazed plots, light grazing significantly decreased microbial biomass nitrogen content by 37.3% and significantly increased the light fraction organic carbon content by 26.2%. Moderate grazing significantly reduced aboveground biomass and microbial biomass nitrogen content by 100.3% and 41.8%, respectively. Under heavy grazing, aboveground biomass, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen contents were significantly reduced by 122.2%, 23.8%, and 26.7%, respectively. [Conclusion] The results indicate that heavy grazing significantly degrades ecosystem functions of temperate meadow grasslands in China and is detrimental to ecosystem sustainability. In contrast, light grazing is an appropriate intensity for maintaining grassland ecological functions. These findings provide a scientific basis for formulating grazing management strategies for temperate meadow grasslands, suggesting that reducing grazing intensity can achieve a balance between ecological conservation and livestock production.

Key words: temperate meadow grasslands in China, grazing intensity, ecosystems, meta-analysis

中图分类号:

S8-1
812

郝东恺, 金东艳, 那亚, 姜熔, 刘昊, 孙楠, 崔岩峰, 鲍青龙. 基于meta分析的放牧强度对中国温性草甸草原生态系统的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2025, 46(6): 37-44.

HAO Dongkai¹, JIN Dongyan², NA Ya¹, JIANG Rong¹, LIU Hao¹, SUN Nan¹, CUI Yanfeng³, BAO Qinglong⁴. Effects of Grazing Intensity on Temperate Meadow Grassland Ecosystems in China Based on a Meta-analysis[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2025, 46(6): 37-44.

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基于meta分析的放牧强度对中国温性草甸草原生态系统的影响

Effects of Grazing Intensity on Temperate Meadow Grassland Ecosystems in China Based on a Meta-analysis

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