Abstract: The protection of livestock and poultry variety resources is of importance significance for the development of animal husbandry in China and it is a basic and strategic work. The research progresses on the related technologies with the protection of livestock and poultry resources and the current protection and utilization situations of livestock and poultry variety resources in China were reviewed, so as to provide theoretical foundation for the protection and rational utilization of fine variety resources of livestock and poultry.