Abstract: In August 2018, the first case of African swine fever （ASF） was confirmatively diagnosed and reported in Shenyang of Liaoning province. Undoubtedly, the emergence of this disease combined with the existing classical swine fever （CSF） poses a great threat to the healthy development of pig industry in China. This paper reviewed the etiology, epidemiology, diagnostic techniques and prevention and control of ASF and CSF, in hoping to provide reference for the effective and comprehensive prevention and control of ASF and CSF.