Abstract: [Objective] To assess the influence of diarrhea on intestinal microbial diversity of nursery piglets by comparing the difference in fecal flora between piglets with or without diarrhea. [Method] The fecal samples of piglets in the diarrhea group （n=6） and healthy group （n=3） were sequenced by using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology, and the composition and structure of the intestinal microbial community of the two groups were compared. [Result] The fecal flora between the diarrhea group and the healthy group was significantly （P<0.05） different, and the intestinal flora diversity of the diarrhea group was significantly （P<0.05） lower than that of the healthy group. Compared with the healthy group, at the phylum level, the relative abundance of Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria of the diarrhea group was increased significantly （P<0.05）, while that of Firmicutes was decreased significantly （P<0.05）; at the genus level, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Escherichia, Lactobacillus, Anaerovibrio, Alloprevotella and Fusobacteriaceae_unclassified of the diarrhea group was increased significantly （P<0.05）, while that of most genus belonging to Firmicutes was decreased significantly （P<0.05）. [Conclusion] The analysis and comparison of the intestinal microbial diversity between diarrhea piglets and healthy piglets provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea in nursery piglets.

Key words: piglets, intestinal flora, diarrhea, 16S rDNA