Abstract: In order to identify the chromosomes of Zingibe zerumbet and preliminarily reveal its genome structure, CPD （combined PI and DAPI）staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） with 45S rDNA probe were applied to analyze the mitotic metaphase chromosomes. Results showed that two pairs of 45S rDNA sites were respectively detected on the short arms of the chromosome 5 and 10, corresponding to the prominent red CPD bands. The molecular cytogenetic karyotypes of Zingibe zerumbet was constructed based on the data of rDNA and chromosome measurements.