The microwave-assisted racemization technology of L-phenylalanine was studied in this paper. Microwave irradiation or conventional heating method,power,catalysts solvents and other factors of reaction were investigated in racemization of L phenylalanine,and the racemic regularity of L-phenylalanine is explored by racemization theory. The results showed Racemization reaction of L-phenylalanine with microwave irradiation （300 W） was carried out in the presence of salicylic aldehyde in acetic acid. Racemic phenylalanine was obtained with specific rotation of-1.27° and yield of 81.4 % for 4 h,and effectiveness of racemization was superior to that of other reaction condition. It was feasible that microwave-racemization reaction of L-phenylalanine was performed in the presence of salicylic aldehyde in acetic acid.

Different extracts from Stellera chamaejasmel L.were applied to resist tumor （SMMC-7721） to decide the optimal ways of extracting.Radix respectively was extracted by ultrasonic and column chromatography of polyamide,and SMMC-7721 cell line respectively was treated by different content of the above extraction,the antitumor activity was determined by MTT assay. The results showed that the total-flavonoid inhibited cell proliferation of liver cancer cell line is the most strong one,the extract from petroleum ether and ethyl acetate also could strongly inhibite the proliferation of liver cancer cell line,but the extract from ethanol was low,and it also disclosed the relation of total-flavonoid inhibited cell proliferation depending on dose and time at the scope of detection.The totalflavonoid from S. chamaejasme had antitmnor activities in vitro.

One bacterial which can degrade lignin was screened from cow fecal,and its genus also was identified in the study by analysis of its physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene. The results show that it is close to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in physiological and biochemical characteristics. The obtained sequence of 16S rDNA gene was analyzed by Blast of GenBank,then the similarity analysis was made by clustal X （1.8） software and phylogenetic trees were constructed by Neighbor-Joining method. Its similarity reached 99.85 % by comparing B.amyloliquefaciens. In conclusion,it was identified as B. amyloliquefaciens.

Six pigs with the average body weight of （18.02±1.34） kg including two Landrace and four Large White pigs were used in the trial. The total protein,albumin and globulin from the six serums were determinated by fully automated bio-analyzer,and the change regularities also were anaylsed. The results of statistical anaylzation showed that the content of total protein,albumin and globulin among the six serum wasn′ t different （P 〉0.05）,and there also was no marked difference in total protein,albumin and globulin between Landrace and Large White pigs.

The antioxidant effect of Monascus compounds on liver and kidney of mice and the optimal effective concentration were investigated in the study.Forty Kunming mice （weight 20＋2 g） were randomly divided into 4 groups including control group and three Monascus treatment groups （1 %,3 % and 5 %）. The mice were examined for routine target,blood target,and organ coefficient of liver,and kidney,superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity and malondialdehyde（MDA） levels of liver and kidney were determined.There were no significant differences in routine target,blood target,and the effects of antioxidant and scavenging of radical substance between control and treatment groups. The experiment results indicated that the 1 % Monascus compounds can increase the activity of SOD and reduce the levels of MAD in the mice.

As one of basic polypeptide,antimicrobial peptides have antibacterial activity. It was first found from haemolymph of insect diapause pupa,studies show it has extensive biology activity and the prospect of application is favorable. Therefore,the paper reviewed its categorization and mechanism of anti-bacteria.

Arbor Acres breeders,at 75 days old,fed the diet containing 20 % raw soybean to investigate the binding rule of soybean agglutinin to the small intestinal epithelia. After two weeks,samples of small intestinal tissue were taken out containing duodenum,front-jejunum,middle-jejunum,behind-jejunumand ileum,and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained by the SP immunohistochemistry to analyze the distribution of soybean agglutinin with the Image-ProPlus software. The results showed that the average optical values of soybean agglutinin binding with duodenum and front-jejunum were significantly higher than that of middle jejunum,behind-jejunum and ileum in the different intestine segments （P〈0.05）. Binding with intestinal vills was significantly higher than that of crypts and intestinal wall in the different sites of epthelia （P〈0.05）. It indicated that glycosylation pattern is different among epithelial of different intestine in broiler.

As a sort of functional oligosaccharide,xylo-oligosaccharide is originated from plant and produced by biochemical methods. It has been used as a sort of green feed additive to proliferate intestinal probiotics. In the article,its concepts,characteristics,functions,production and applications in animal nutrition were reviewed,and the existing problems on its development and research also were analyzed. Based on the above mentioned facts,we predicted its prospects of application in the future.

In this paper,rice straw was used as main material to produce feed enzyme-complex by solid state fermentation of Neurospora sitophila,then the effective factors on pH and temperature were decided. The results showed that the stability of feed enzyme-complex activity is the optimization under the condition of pH 3.0～5.5 and 30～40℃.

In the trial,the effects of organic selenium source on lamb′s growth performance and antixidative activities were investigated. 30 lambs with body weight of 20 kg were randomly divided into three groups,the control group wasn＇t supplemented any selenium,but selenium-enriched yeast and sodium selenite respectively was added up to two test groups at the dosage of 0.1 mg/kg. The results indicated that selenium-enriched yeast couldn′t improve lamb′s growth performance. At 30 and 60 day ages,superoxidedismutase （SOD）activity and GPx activity in the two test group both were higher than that of the control group,the difference was significant （P〈 0.05）,but malonaldehyde （MDA） level of serum was lower than that of control with marked difference （P 〈0.01）. In conclusion,antixidative activities of organic selenium were better than that of inorganic selenium.

Vitamin C is an important nutrient and extensively applied to feed additives. Based on the above mentioned facts,its structure and properties,function,penia,existence and utilization and yield of requirement and addition were systematically reviewed in the article.

As one of the main source of nutrition of feed livestock and poultry,quality of protein takes a major effect on normal growth and reproduction of them. Compound feed containing animal-brone proteins with the balance of amino acid content can satisfy the need of growth and reproduction of livestock. Nowadays,animal-brone proteins in compound feed mainly originate from fish meal,bone meal,blood meal and feather powder,but they still can′t meet the need of development of feed industrial. Therefore,utilizing and expanding animal-brone proteins is helpful for the development of feed industry and livestock industry.

At present,the yeast was commonly used to ferment corn straw powder to produce the feed protein,but the availability was low,and the crude proteins content in finial products also was low. Based on the above mentioned facts,in the study,Pachysolen tannophilus which can efficiently use the xylose and glucose was applied to increase the content of protein in final fermentation products. The results showed that the crude content of protein in final fermentation with P. tannophilus attains 209.1 mg/g,and it was 60.4 % higher than that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The definition and mechanism of mycotoxins were introduced in the article. Meanwhile,feedstuff was contaminated by different mycotoxins and the methods of detection and removal also were discussed.

High purity ovotransferrin was extracted from albumen by precipitation with ammonium sulfate and ion exchange chromatography in the study. Albumen was treated with dilution,microfiltration and ultrafiltration to remove mucoprotein in advance,then the tests on quantitatively salting-out was made to ensure the optimal condition by using different saturated degrees of sodium ammonium sulfate,the coarse egg albumen was obtained by precipitation with 60 % saturated degrees of sodium ammonium sulfate. The results showed that the purity of the isolated ovotransferrin reached 95 % from the coarse egg albumen by DEAE-sepharose F. F,by detection of SDS-PAGE,its molecular weight was determined by solvent resistant column and its molecular weight was 76 000. It played the foundation for continuous extraction technology from egg albumen.

In the trial,the content of free amino acid of the Saanen goat′s milk in Hohhot area was analyzed. The results showed that 17 kinds of amino acids in the milk of Saanen goat can be detected,and the content of glutamate is the highest among them. Except for arginine,the other amino acids content all were higher than that of milk.

In the trial,the content of free amino acid of the Saanen goat′s milk in Hohhot area was analyzed. The results showed that 17 kinds of amino acids in the milk of Saanen goat can be detected,and the content of glutamate is the highest among them. Except for arginine,the other amino acids content all were higher than that of milk.

The aim was to obtain the optimal technological condition of Qingong-meatball in Lactobacillus with different fermentation conditions. Four factors including the temperature of fermentation,inoculation amount,addition of salt and glucose,were selected for orthogonal test with design of L9 （34）,the data was analyzed by T test.The optimal conditions of fermentation was 34 ℃,3.0 mL of inoculation amount,0.6 %addition of salt and 1.5 % glucose.The Qingong-meatball with nutritive food and unique flavor could be obtained after fermented by Lactobacillus.

Two Yoghurt strains were isolated and selected from import yoghurt culture and their fermented characteristics was studied in this paper. 4 strains of Lacticum delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus and 4 strains of S. sativarius subsp. thermophilus were isolated from yoghurt culture respectively. The screening of the fine yoghurt strains was comprehensive assessment according to the level of acidproduced flavour and texture of yoghurt. By this method,two fine strains of yoghurt strains were identified,namely L. bulgaricus L9 and S. thermophilus S5. Results showed that the symbiosis of these two strains in milk was perfect,which optimal combination of inocula of strain L9∶S5 was 2∶1（V/V）. The results of this study could provide excellent production strains for direct vat set （DVS）.

As a technology of amplification of DNA in vitro,Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） with the characterization of simplicity,sensitivity and specificity is widely applied,thus it is potential for it to be applied to meat science. Based on the above mentioned facts,PCR application in meat science was reviewed in the article including detection of microbiology and identification of varieties of meat.

Electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosensor（EEIS） is a mark type of immune sensor. Possessing these characterizations of enzyme amplification and the sensitivity and specificity of the immunesensors,it is widest used and fastest growing and paid most attention to in the recent years. Its characteristics and application progress in the field of agricultural and livestock product security such as drug residues were reviewed,and the prospect also was predicted in the article.

To develop a quantitative method for determination of the content of caffeic acid in Shugan Yipi mixture,HPLC was made in the study.The separation was performed by using Diamonsil C18 colume （5 μm × 250 mm × 4.6 mm）with a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of methanolphosphoric acid （13∶87,pH：4.0） and column temperature of 35 ℃ and flow rate of 1 mL/min and detective wavelength of 323 nm. The results indicated that the calibration curve is linear within the range from 0.039 6 to 0.792 0 μg （r=1）,and the average recovery was 99.0 % with RSD of 2.30 %.The method can be used for the quality control of Shugan Yipi mixture with the advantages of simplicity,reproducibility and stability.

A method of the simultaneous determination of the contents of nicotinic acid,lactic acid,citric acid,benzoic acid,salicylic acid in complex organic acids by RP-HPLC was established. The separation was performed on Agela-ASB C18 column （250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm） with the mobile phase of hydrochloric acid solution （0.1 %,V/V,A）-acetonitrile （B） gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 210 nm. The flow rate was 0.7 mL/min and the column temperature was （30±2） ℃. Good linearities of formic acid,propanoic acid,lactic acid,maleic acid,citric acid,fumaric acid,benzoic acid were showed within the ranges of 100～2 000,100～2 000,100～2 000,2～40,100～2 000,2～40 μg/mL,2～40 μg/mL respectively,r 〉 0.999 5. The average recoveries were 99.1 %,98.6 %,100.1 %,98.8 % ,99.3 % ,99.5 % ,98.2 % respectively,RSD 〈1.5 % . The method was simple,rapid and reliable for the simultaneous determination of seven components in the complex organic acids.

With application of multielement recurrence and correlation analysis,its aim was to reveal the effect and changeable regularity among fresh alfalfa yield,branches and the strain height in half-drought area. The result showed that fresh alfalfa yield was correlated to the branches,if fresh alfalfa yield of 1 hm2 reaches 84 tons,the condition,above 5.8 million brances and no less than 70 cm in height,should be needed,if fresh alfalfa yield of 1 hm2 is 70 tons on averge,the branches is negatively correlated to its height,but it isn′t marked,thus it exists the risk by increasing branches and the height to abtain the yield. It should control branches and its height in administration measure in time to keep them in the reasonable range.

In this paper,the discovery,activity,effect in feeding,breeding and existing problems of brown midrib were reviewed,and the applied prospect in corn silage also was predicted.

Mastitis of dairy cows,a dairy farm at county of Helan,Ningxia provice,was investigated by dairy herd improvement （DHI） and Somatic cell count （SCC） in the article,its aim was to elucidate the morbidity regularity of Dairy Cattle Mastitis. The results showed that the morbidity rate with clinical mastitis was 3.73 %,the subclinical mastitis was 55.34 %,and the positive rate of mammary region was 22.54 %. With the increase of fetus times and average milk yield and elongation of lactation,the morbidity rate with subclinical mastitis also increased,it was markedly different from that of the prior （P〈0.05）. The morbidity rate of the back mammary regions was higher than that of the forward mammary regions,but there was no significant difference between them （P〉0.05）. In addition,seasons had no significant effect on the incidence of subclinical mastitis（P〉0.05）.

Traumatism of cow breast is a type of commonly encountered disease,it should play attention to preservation in treatment of sharp and exposed things and restoration of hoof,the key on overcoming this disease was to prevent oversize and pendulous cow breast.

Carbon sequestration has become the main approach to decrease carbon emission of treated waste-water from pig fields,usually the three types of technology of carbon sequestration,chemical,physical and biological carbon sequestration,are the most common. By comparison of several methods and analysis of the new technology,its aim was to find an ideal method to decrease carbon emission of waste-water from pig fields,and provide direction for pig fields to treat it.

In this study,the aim was to explore the rapid and efficient technology on transforming discharge of livestock and poultry into fertilizer. Firstly,a certain rate of water in cow dung and chicken manure evaporated by coverage of greenhouse film,the usage of solar energy and ground handling. Secondly,biological agents was added into it,after the granule was formed by drum granulator,accumulation of fermentation was made. The results showed that the pH value is 7.5 stably six days later,the rate of C/N decreased from 19 to 11 with stabilization,seed germination index reached 98 %. In conclusion,it reaches the compost maturity indexes,also lays the foundation for the scale production of organic fertilizer.

he first-generation （190） and the second-generation （244） were selected as experimental materials from Ⅱ type of new strain Huai pig,and PCR-RFLP methods were used for detecting gene polymorphisms with Hha Ⅰ restriction enzyme sites of IGF-1 gene and Rsa Ⅰ restriction enzyme site of Pit-1,then the correlation between gene polymorphisms and partial performances were analyzed. The results showed that the average daily gain is 3090 kg,with adjust of days old,they attained 90 kg in the first and second generation. By combining two generations,AA genotype of IGF-1 gene had better tendency than AB and BB genotype,but the differences were not significant （P〉0.05） ,meanwhile DD genotype of Pit-1 gene had better tendency than CD and CC genotype,but the differences were not significant （P〉0.05）. After adjusted,their backfat thickness reached 90 kg,but tendency wasn′t inconsistent between the first and second generation. AA genotype of IGF-1 gene,DD genotype of Pit-1 gene was the thinnest combining two generations pigs,the differences were not significant （P〉0.05）. Whether IGF-1 gene and Pit-1 gene could be taken as genetic marker of growth traits to breed new strain Huai pig ,it still needs to be further validated in next generations expanding sample size in Ⅱ type of new strain Huai pig.

In this experiment,the reproductive performance of Yorkshire-songliao black originating from crossing generation between female Songliao black pig and male Yorkshire was carried out,and the growth performance,the carcass quality and the meat quality of finishing pigs which was the filial generation of the commercial strains were also determined. The results indicated that the reproductive performance of the commercial strains was inferior to that of Songliao black pig,but it was better than that of Yorkshire; The commercial strains in the performance trait was better than that of Songliao black pig,and equal to that of Yorkshire; The commercial strains in the carcass quality was equal to that of Songliao black pig and Yorkshire; The commercial strains in the meat quality was no better than that of Songliao black pig,but it also reached the level of the high quality pork. This result indicated that commercial strains of Yorkshiresongliao black pig was a new line which has a certain potential and is worth being cultivated.

Information technology is a subject composed of computer and data engineering technology,and it is a the most rapid modern technology and applied in pig industry widely. The application and development of information technology in breeding technique,nutrition and feed,production management and qualitative ranking is summarized in this article to promote the industrialization and sustainable development of pig industry.

The factors causing sow reproduction disorder are complicated,especially those non-pathological factors are easy to be ignored,thus it lead to severe economic loss in some piggery. In the article,the disease of sow reproduction disorder was investigated with different views linking theory to actuality to resolve it.

Royal Jelly （RJ） is milk white or yellowish viscous substance,and secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker bees,it constitutes the essential food for queen bees and their larvae. The RJ is rare and precious,and there are lots of bioactive substances among the complex ingredients that can lead to the related physiological reaction after absorbed by organism. Here we briefly reviewed the ingredient of RJ and discuss its utilizing in the reproduction performance of animal improving abroad and domestic. In addition,the attentions that should be paid in the next research are proposed.

According to the feature of half-artificial and halfmechanization in daily production in middle and small scale pig farms,CAN bus communication is designed to monitor manual cleaning pigsty and ambient temperature,and PLC′s host computer protocol communication is used to monitor the existing feeding device. The basic demand of daily production management informationization is achieved with low cost. Management efficiency is improved and production cost is saved.

In the article,comprehensive experiments teaching of Animal Microbiology on contents,time and teaching measures were explored. The practice showed that experimental skill for student to master it was improved and cultured overall.

Investigation showed that the circumstances of students who selected the course of Ornamental Fish Farming are very complicated. 7 measures were put forward combining with the complicated features. The practice showed that it is a key to improve the effectiveness of the selective courses by designing the teaching content with direction and meeting of needs.

Play behavior is one of important behaviors of higher animals,most higher animals retain it until they become adults. Usually,it happened at a certain time during individual growth with one definite character and all kinds of representation types. As to animals,their play behaviors have adaptive significance,which can be considered as a kind of practical leaning behavior.

As a new discipline,the main task of Laboratory Animal Science is to study laboratory animals and animal experiments with great integration and applicability. To improve the importance of Laboratory Animal Science,its position and function were simply investigated connecting with teaching experience,and the trend in development also was predicted.

Based on practice of opening experiment teaching of Zoology in Yangtze Normal University,some ideas and practice methods about opening experimental teaching were given. Meantime,this article also illustrated the necessity of carrying out opening experiment teaching,expatiated its characteristics,summarized the effects,discussed the extant problems.

Based on practice of opening experiment teaching of Zoology in Yangtze Normal University,some ideas and practice methods about opening experimental teaching were given. Meantime,this article also illustrated the necessity of carrying out opening experiment teaching,expatiated its characteristics,summarized the effects,discussed the extant problems.

As one of the most serious swine diseases,PRRS is caused by PRRSV and brought numberous economic loss to swine industry. Based on the breakout of the disease in 2006,12 corporations were approved to produce PRRSV vaccine by China′s agriculture administration urgently. Nowadays,the disease was effectively controlled at many pig farms by administrating these vaccines,but whether it is really useful to control PRRS is controversial. Therefore,advance on using vaccine to control PRRS was reviewed in the article.

516 clinical cases of dogs from x pet clinic in Hohhot in 2009 were analyzed in the article. The results showed that the number of death was 38,the positive rate of canine distemper （CD） attained 79.8 % by detection its antibody titer among these decease cases. It indicated that canine distemper is one of the main infectious diseases causing the death of canine. The further investigations showed conjunctivitis,respiratory inflammation,digestive functional disorder and neurological symptom are principal clinical character of CDV,it was easily caused by unscientific feeding and management.

The trial was to explore the condition of chicken immunity to newcastle disease （ND） in Haiyuan county,239 collected samples from ten henneries were examined anti-NDV antibody through hemagglutination test（HA） and hemagglutination-inhibition test （HI）. The results of serological examination showed that the average protection rate was 76.99 % among these samples,it indicated that the antibody titer in chicken was low among these henneries. Therefore,immunization should be taken in time,and antibody monitoring also should be strengthened.

Sarcocystis was determinated with 30 diaphragmatic muscle samples of sheep from Huzhu county by microscopic examination. The obtained samples were fixed with 10 % formalin,then slide specimen were prepared with dehydration,transparence,section,stain,and examined by microscopy.The results indicated that its shape was elleiple and fusiform and wall-smooth and double-story in section according to the expected Sarcocystis. The infected rate of Sarcocystis attained 100 %,the infected intensity was 43（7～132）.

The relationship between main raising models and diseases control for pig was analyzed in the article,and it indicated that village free range pigs and small-scale raising models were the important factors on epidemic diseases. The proposal was put forward that it should perform the accessing system of pig raising,and the measures on uniting management and Large-scale production and setting up a perfect biosecurity system should be executed to prevent and control diseases of pig effectually.

200 healthy domestic quails at 15 days age were randomly divided into 10 groups,namely drug prevention group （DPG）,drug treatment group （DTP）,infection control group （ICG） and non-infected control group （NICP）. The every trial quail was infected with Sporulated quail coccidia oocysts of 5 ×104 by oral. The quails of DPG were treated with toltrazuril,diclazuril,maduramicin and Salinomycin respectively after infected with coccidian,and DTP was treated with the above medicine after appearance of symptom. The results showed that the anti-coccidian index （ACI） of DPG were higher than that of ICG. In conclusion,the anti-coccidial drugs were available to resist infection of quail coccidian,but toltrazuril was the best efficacies on preventing and curing quails coccidiosis.

Function of plant polysaccharide on immunity regulation,anti-tumour,anti-aging and optimizing intestinal microecology system and its biological activities briefly were introduced in the article,meanwhile its application on utilization and exploitation also was discussed combining with the current situation of husbandry production.

The aim was to study the influence of natural wild Ciwujia from Changbai Mountain on the blood glucose in diabetic animal model in the trial. 40 Kunming mice were selected and fasted for 12 h. The experimental model of mice in diabetes was established by administrating abdominal cavity of alloxan and selective destructing of islet β cells. The trial animals were divided into four groups,namely high-dose（HD）,medium-dose（MD）,Low-dose （LD） and alloxan model（AM）,10 normal Kunming mice with proximate body weight were used as the control group. HD,MD and LD respectively was given by intragastric administration at dosage of 5.00,1.25,0.25 g/kg of Ciwujia decoction,AM and control group was treated by saline with the same volume and way. After continuously intragastric administration for 15 days,the fasting blood glucose was determined to observe its changes regularity of the mice. Results the blood glucose contents in HD and MD respectively were （13.51 ± 1.42） mmol/L,（15.39 ± 0.79） mmol/L,they in blood glucose were significantly lower that of the control （19.62±1.28） mmol/L （P〈0.01）. Meanwhile,the blood glucose in LD was （17.39±0.64） mmol/L,compared with the control,there was markedly different （P 〈0.05）. In conclusion,Changbai Mountain wild Ciwujia have the hypoglycemic effect to the experimental mice.

As a new allocation way of land resources,the transfer of the right to land contractual management has a great significance to the solution of the imbalance between population and arable land,the advance of land productivity and the industrialization of agriculture. Its promotion in Heibei province has made significant influences on the large-scale cultivation,the decline of land-labor,the development of rural service economy,the adjustment of industrial structure,the capital concentration in agriculture production and land resources allocation,the increase of arable land and the development in social service economy.

Through practical investigation and analysis,the process and present situation of modern husbandry are introduced recapitulatively,and existed problems in the modernization process of grassland husbandry also are analyzed in detail in Tibet in the paper. Meanwhile,the proposal that grassland husbandry should be transformed from traditional modus to modern modus was put forward,which can ensure the realization of totally prosperous society and leaping development.