The aim of this study was to establish adipose mesenchymal stem cell lines of Laoshan dairy goats and to identify them.The adipose tissues of Laoshan dairy goats were collected,and the monocytes in the adipose tissues were isolated and cultured under the decomposition and digestion of typeⅠcollagenase.The growth curve was determined and the expression of stem cell factors was identified by Real time RT-PCR.The third-generation adipose mesenchymal stem cells were induced by osteogenesis and identified by alizarin red staining.The results showed that the adipose mesenchymal stem cells of Laoshan dairy goat were long fusiform and stellate fibroblast-like cells,but were fuller than the fibroblasts.When the third-generation cells grew to 3 days or so,the cells entered the exponential growth phase and 6-7 days entered the plateau stage.After osteogenic induction,alizarin red staining showed that the bone nodules were stained dark red.The results demonstrated that adipose mesenchymal stem cells of Laoshan dairy goat had the potential to induce differentiation.

The aim of this study was to construct a food-grade yeast engineering strain and to evaluate its genetic stability.The prokaryotic gene sequences in the PGZM18,a previously constructed prokaryotic expression vector,was deleted by SOE-PCR;two sets of primers were designed based on the prokaryotic vector sequence of PGZM18,and the fragment sequence was divided into two fragments,P1-1 and P2-1;the prokaryotic DNA sequences(bacterial plasmid sequence,including antibiotic resistance marker Amp,and prokaryotic replication region)were deleted by SOE-PCR;the finally obtained PCR product GZM18 was transformed into Candida utilis,and the genetic stability of the exogenous gene was determined by colony counting and PCR.The results showed that a food-grade genetically engineered strains of Candida utilis was successfully constructed,and the exogenous gene had high genetic stability.Our results provide a scientific basis for application of the engineering strain of Candida utilis in development of microbial feed.

[Objective]To observe the improving effect of oxymatrine(OMT)on liver fibrosis in rats induced by thioacetamide(TAA)and to assess its regulative effect on the level of TGF-β1 in fibrotic liver tissue of rats.[Methods]Rats were divided into negative control group,model group,the high-,medium-and low-dose OMT groups,and silymarin positive control group.Except for the negative control group,the other groups were subjected to the intraperitoneal injection of thioacetamide(TAA)to induce a liver fibrosis.The three OMT intervention groups and the positive control group were intragastrically administered with high-,medium-and low-dose of OMT and silymarin,respectively,and the model group and negative control group were administered with normal saline.Blood samples and liver tissues were recovered from rats in different groups,and the serum contents of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and glutathione(GSH)as well as the level of liver TGF-β1 were determined,respectively.[Results]Compared to the negative control group,the model group had extremely significantly higher contents of ALT(P<0.01)and AST(P<0.01)in serum and extremely significantly higher levlel of TGF-β1(P<0.01)in liver tissue,but had extremely significantly lower serum content of GSH(P<0.01);compared to the model group,the three OMT intervention groups and positive control group had significantly lower contents of ALT(P<0.05)and AST(P<0.05)in serum and significantly lower levlel of TGF-β1(P<0.05)in liver tissue,the high-and medium-dose OMT groups had extremely significantly higher serum content of GSH(P<0.01),and the low-dose OMT group had significantly higher serum content of GSH(P<0.05).[Conclusions]OMT significantly down-regulates the gene expression of TGF-β1 in fibrotic liver tissue of rats,suggesting that inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1 in liver tissue may be one of the mechanisms underlining the therapeutic effects of OMT on liver fibrosis.

A method for simultaneous determination of multiple antibiotic residues in honey was developed by means of a series mass spectrometry(MS)methods.After the sample was extracted from 1%acetonitrile formate-Na2EDTA aqueous solution,the containing salt was removed from the water,and the C18 adsorbent was added to the upper liquid to purify it.After concentrated and dissolved,the solution was filtered by a membrane filter.The prepared samples were separated by the C18 chromatographic column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm),and 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution and methanol solution were used as the flow phase for gradient elution.The UPLC-MS/MS method was used to qualitatively and quantitatively determine multiple antibiotic residues in honey simultaneously.The results showed that the linear relationship of the drugs to be tested was good in the range of 0.01μg/mL to 5.00μg/mL,and the correlation coefficient(r)was all above 0.99.Addition recovery experiments were conducted at 1,5 and 10μg/kg concentration levels,the average recovery rate was between 68.0%and 104.0%,and the relative standard deviation ranged from 3.2% to 15.5%.The detection limit of the developed method reached up to 1μg/kg.The method has good reproducibility,high sensitivity,short analysis time and strong corroboration ability,which is recommended to be used in simultaneous determination of multiple antibiotics residues in honey.

In order to assess the deratization effect of bleaching powder on Eurytemora affinis in different developmental stages under natural attenuation situation,a toxicity test of bleaching powder on Eurytemora affinis in water bodies with different fertility at 5℃ and 25℃ was carried out.The results showed that water fertility and temperature were the attenuation influencing factors of bleaching powder;the tolerated concentration to bleaching powder(available chlorine)of eggs(32.000 mg/L),adults(3.200 mg/L),copepods(1.000~3.200 mg/L)and nauplii(1.000 mg/L)of Eurytemora affinis exhibited a decreasing trend in turn.These results indicate that when bleaching powder is used to kill Eurytemora affinis,its dosage should be determined with the consideration of different developmental stages of Eurytemora affinis,water fertility and temperature.

Crossbred experiment was conducted by using Dorper sheep(paternal form),German Mutton Merino sheep(paternal form)and Ujumuqin sheep(maternal form)with same age and rearing condition to analyze the growth and slaughter performance of the crossbred F1 generation of lamb(Dorper×Ujumuqin,Merino×Ujumuqin and Ujumuqin×Ujumuqin).The results showed that the born weight,1-month age weight,3-month age weight and 6-month age weight of the F1 lamb of Dorper×Ujumuqin and Merino×Ujumuqin were significantly higher than Ujumuqin×Ujumuqin F1 lamb(P<0.05);while the born weight,1-month age weight and 3-month age weight of the F1 lamb of Dorper×Ujumuqin were significantly higher than Merino×Ujumuqin F1 lamb(P<0.05),no significant difference in 6-month age weight between Dorper×Ujumuqin and Merino×Ujumuqin was observed;the pre-slaughter empty body weight,carcass weight and pure meat weight of F1 hybrids of Dorper×Ujumuqin and Merino×Ujumuqin were significantly higher than F1 lamb of Ujumuqin×Ujumuqin(P<0.05);there were no significant differences in slaughtering percentage and pure meat percentage among three crossbred combinations.The combined data suggest that the growth and slaughter performance of F1 generations of hybrid lamb can be significantly improved,and the Dorper sheep and German Mutton Merino sheep can be used as paternal form to improve the local breeds of sheep in Xilin Gol League of Inner Mongolia.Furthermore,this breed improvement strategy also provides an important basis for the high-quality development of local animal husbandry.

[Objective]To domesticate the wild Tupaia belangeri yaoshanenisis in laboratory and to cultivate the experimental animal population.[Methods]The wild Tupaia belangeri yaoshanenisis were kept in a laboratory with controlled temperature,humidity and other conditions.In the initial stage of introduction,the diet was mainly composed of fruits and vegetables,and at the later stage,the diet was gradually transferred to traditional feed.About a month or so,the introduced Tupaia belangeri yaoshanenisis was adaptive to the laboratory feeding environment.Subsequently,the male and female ones who met the requirements of provenance were selected to mate in the same cage,and the ratio of male to female was 1∶1.The weight gain and abdominal palpation were used to judge whether the female one was pregnant or not,and the pregnant ones and their offspring were specially reared and managed.[Results]After one month′s domestication,the survival rate of the wild Tupaia belangeri yaoshanenisis reached up to 96%,and the average weight gain reached 50 g or so.The conception rate,total fetus number,total number born,average litter size,survival rate of birth,and weaning survival rate were 24.53%,12,42,3.5,92.86%,and 42.86%,respectively.[Conclusions]The laboratory domestication of wild Tupaia belangeri yaoshanenisis has been realized,and the propagation of the introduced Tupaia belangeri yaoshanenisis under laboratory condition makes a breakthrough.However,the problems such as low pregnant rate of female ones and low survival rate of their offspring under laboratory domesticative conditions need to be further solved.

Parrots are one of the male and female singlets,and it is difficult to judge their gender directly by appearance.Parrots are often appreciated and loved by most people for their beautiful feathers and ability to imitate human language.Accordingly,they are often kept as pets.The sex identification of parrots,especially in the young period,is of great significance and is the basis for the breeding,endangered species conservation and evolutionary research of parrot.In this article,we summarized the currently commonly used techniques and methods of the parrot sex identification.Furthermore,based on the difference in hormone secreting characteristics between male and female birds,a new concept is proposed for the parrot sex identification method,in hoping to provide new insights into the parrot sex identification and breeding.

In order to assess the partial replacement of conventional feedstuff by dietary supplementation of a commercially available yeast culture Beitaide on lactation performance of sows,a total of 24 healthy pregnant sows with the same breed,weight and parity were selected 7 days before delivery and were divided into 3 groups.Group A was the control group without yeast culture,group B was the experimental group with Beitaide yeast culture replacing 5%bran of group A,and group C was the experimental group with Beitaide yeast culture replacing 2%soybean meal and 3%corn of group A.The results showed that the average weight of piglets in group B at 10 and 18 days of age was significantly higher than that in the other two groups.The average daily gain of piglets from 0-to 18-day-old in group B,group A and group C was 230.55 g,185.56 g and 178.89 g,respectively.The average daily gain of group B was significantly higher than that of group A and C by 24.25%and 28.87%,respectively.Although there was no significant difference in survival rate among group A,group B and group C,group B performed better.The group B had significantly better performance in milk yield compared to the other two groups.In conclusion,the rational dietary supplementation of Beitaide yeast culture in lactation period improves the growth performance of piglets and the lactation performance of sows to a certain extent.

[Objective]To explore the feasibility of preparation of silage with potato seedlings and to screen the suitable silage methods for potato seedlings.[Methods]The fresh potato seedlings and whole-plant corn were used as materials to prepare mixed silage in this experiment.When mixed with the whole-plant corn,five addition levels of potato seedlings were set,including 10%,20%,30%,40% and 50%.For each addition proportion of potato seedlings,there were three treatment groups,including a control group received no additives and two experimental groups adding cellulase and lactobacillus respectively.Ten replicates were included for each treatment group.Sensory evaluation and fermentation index determination of the mixed silage product were carried out after a 45-day-long fermentation.[Results]The pH value of the mixed silage product was lower than 4.2 when the addition proportion of potato seedlings was 10%-50%,indicating that the mixed silage product prepared with potato seedlings could not only be successfully stored,but also reached an excellent level in quality.Under the same treatment conditions,when the addition proportion of potato seedlings was 10%,30% and 50%,the content of ammonia nitrogen of the mixed silage product was elevated with the increase of the addition proportion of potato seedlings.Between the control groups at 10%,30%and 50%addition levels of potato seedlings,there was no significant differences in crude protein content in the mixed silage product(P>0.05),and the highest value(10.62%)was observed in the control group at 30% addition level of potato seedlings.When the potato seedlings addition proportion ranged from 10%to 40%,an increasing trend in crude protein content was observed with the elevation of potato seedlings addition proportion in the lactobacillus adding groups.Under the same treatment condition,the mixed silage product prepared with 20% addition level of potato seedlings had relatively lower neutral detergent fiber content,and that prepared with 50% addition level of potato seedlings had the highest neutral detergent fiber content.The content of acid detergent fiber was increased with the increase of addition proportion of potato seedlings,and the highest value was observed in the control group and cellulase adding group at 50% addition level of potato seedlings.[Conclusions]The potato seedling cut before defrosting can be used to prepare mixed silage with whole-plant corn.When the addition levels of potato seedlings range from 20% to 40%,the mixed silage product has better fermentation quality.Furthermore,the adding of lactobacillus helps to promote the fermentation and improves the quality and palatability of silage in practice.

In order to better grasp the quality status of the whole-plant corn silage in Yunnan Province,samples were collected from seventeen grain to forage pilots distributed in five prefectures and their quality was comprehensively assessed by using sensory evaluation and laboratory analysis methods.Generally,the tested whole-plant corn silage samples showed good fermentation quality.Thirty-one and seven samples were comprehensively evaluated as top-graded and well-graded,respectively,accounting for 79.49% and 17.95% of the total number of samples,respectively.There was only one sample considered as poorly-graded,accounting for 2.56%of the total number of samples.Meanwhile,some existing problems in whole-plant corn silage production in Yunnan Province are also observed,such as the harvest time of whole-plant corn is too early,the silage production technology needs to be improved,and the selection of silage corn varieties needs further optimization.

Greenfeed which has good palatability and rich nutrients is an important feeding resource for livestock.Reasonable utilization of greenfeed can improve the livestock production efficiency and reduce the cost of livestock breeding.However,some components of greenfeed crops or decomposition and transformation products under certain conditions will have toxic effects on animals,which cause the hygienical and safety problems of feed.The toxic and harmful substances in greenfeed include nitrate,nitrite,cyanogenic glycoside,photosensitive substance,oxalate,solanine and some toxins in certain kinds of forage.This paper introduced the types and characteristics of the toxic and harmful substances contained in green fodder,summarized the pathogenesis and treatment methods of animal poisoning caused by these substances,and discussed the safe feeding technology of greenfeed,in hoping to improve the scientific feeding level of greenfeed in livestock breeding.

This study aimed to assess the effects of different sowing dates on agronomic and biological yield of different maize varieties and to evaluate the correlation among biological yield and varieties,sowing dates and agronomic traits.Six maize varieties and four sowing dates were set to investigate the relationship between agronomic traits and biomass yield of varied maize varieties in different sowing dates.Among the selected varieties,three were silage-specific type and the others were dual-purpose(grain/feed)type.The results suggested that the agronomic traits of silage maize showed significant differences among different varieties and sowing dates(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among individual sowing date or variety(P>0.05);the components of maize biomass yield were cutting plant weight,cutting straw weight,number of green leaves,ear position,plant height and ear weight,while there was a significant negative correlation between varieties and biomass yield.Yayu Silage No.8 was a suitable variety for planting in the low mountain plain region in southwest of Hubei Province and was recommended to be sowed in the late April.For the variety of Liyu 16,a great influence of different sowing dates on biological yield was observed:an advance in sowing date largely improved the biological yield,indicating that this variety had a certain application and promotion value as a dual-purpose maize variety of grain and feed.

Mercury,existing in elemental,inorganic or organic forms,can cause serious harms to human health and has complicated mechanism of toxicity.In this paper,the pollution sources,poisoning symptoms,toxicokinetics and toxicological mechanisms of mercury were reviewed,in hoping to provide references for the related researchers.

Hinggan League is one of the main grains producing areas in Inner Mongolia.The crop straws are important renewable biological resources in this region,and their annual total yield was around 6.3 million t.Combining with the storage amount and resource allocation features of crop straws in eastern Inner Mongolia,the utilization status of crop straw resources in Hinggan League was analyzed.Furthermore,in view of the problems in crop straws utilization in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas,the suggestions of establishing the exemplary base for circular economy based on comprehensive utilization of crop straw resources and using the crop straws according to the local conditions were put forward,in hoping to provide supports for the sustainable development of animal husbandry industry in Hinggan League.

In this article,we summarized the teaching practice and experience during the transformative development stage in College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University,and explored the teaching mode and method of Veterinary Parasitology,in hoping to provide suggestions and references for the construction of this course,discipline development of veterinary medicine,and the cultivation of applied talents under the transformation background.

Lanmoyun Class is a cloud service platform that uses smart mobile devices such as cell phones to carry out interactive feedback teaching inside and outside the classroom in a mobile network environment.This article mainly described the application of the Lanmoyun Class in teaching of Animal Parasite,pointed out the existing problems and put forward the corresponding suggestions,in hoping to improve the teaching effect of this course.

This paper analyzed the requirements and significance of the problem-oriented teaching model in Animal Health Law,and put forward the teaching measures aiming at helping the students to understand the teaching materials by the knowledge points in introduction,to establish legal system framework and analysis system by the rationally designed problems,and to correctly use the animal health administrative laws and regulations.The purpose of this teaching model is to provide reference for training veterinary professionals who can correctly understand and implement animal health administrative laws and regulations.

As an emerging first-level discipline,the pratacultural science has developed rapidly in recent years.It is very important to train professional talents in pratacultural science,and greater demands are being placed on the core courses teaching such as Sports Turf Establishment and Maintenance.In this paper,the current situation and existing problems during the teaching course of this curriculum were analyzed.Furthermore,some improvement measures,such as emphasizing practical training,reforming teaching methods and approaches,and combining scientific research with classroom teaching,in hoping to enhance the professional talents training quality of pratacultural science.

Veterinary Pharmacology is a bridge course between basic and clinical veterinary medicine.In this study,the case analysis was introduced in this course,and the flipped classroom teaching method was adopted for practical analysis.The results showed that the introduced case analysis in both flipped classroom and traditional teaching increased students′interest in learning,and the adoption of flipped classroom teaching model could make the classroom active,increase the degree of students′participation in classroom teaching,and improve the students′ability to analyze and solve problems.

In order to solve the management problems of pets raising by students in higher vocational colleges,based on the theoretical thinking and social investigations,a designated management model on-campus and off-campus is adopted to solve this problem.The application of this management model may provide some decision-making programs and measures for the development of pet maintenance and training and other specialties in higher vocational colleges.

The diagnosis and treatment of clinical cases of omphalitis accompanying septic arthritis in newborn calves was reported.The pathological changes of the dead calves were observed by autopsy,and the corresponding delivery room management system was established.After implementation of the treatment and control measures,the incidence of the disease was greatly reduced.This study provided a reference for the effective management of newborn calves.

In order to ascertain the causes of high mortality in calves in Tibetan agricultural areas,etiological and serological tests were carried out in the laboratory after field investigation and autopsy of diseased and dead cattle.Malnutrition resulted in low immunity of calves,which caused the invasion and rapid propagation of the pathogenic agents,and ultimately led to death.The etiological and serological tests showed that the fatality rate of calves in Tibetan agricultural areas was 9.34%.The highest and lowest mortality rate of calves were observed in Changdu and Lhasa,respectively,which were 10.10%and 8.50%,respectively.In the blood and tissue samples recovered from the weak,diseased and dying calves in Tibetan agricultural areas,the average positive rate of Escherichia coli and Salmonella was 48.05%and 31.54%,respectively.The serum antibody levels against some pathogenic agents of the dying calves were found higher than 98%by ELISA and agglutination test.This study provides theoretical references for control of the calf death in Tibetan agricultural areas.

Canine transmissible venereal tumor(CTVT)results in inflammation and blood loss in urogenital tract which poses a great threat to the health of dogs.In this paper,the clinical examination,diagnosis and treatment of a case of CTVT were described,in hoping to provide references for the control of this disease.

In this study,the developmental background and status of meat donkey industry in Qingshuihe County of Inner Mongolia were investigated using the data and materials collected by interviewing and questionnaire,and the income and expenses of the meat donkey breeding enterprises in this county was analyzed.The results showed that the natural conditions in Qingshuihe County was suitable for developing the meat donkey breeding industry;the entry and development of the meat donkey breeding enterprises dried the farmers′initiative on meat donkey breeding and brought new insight into the industrial poverty-alleviation.Nevertheless,the development of the meat donkey industry in this region was still on the initial stage;due to the constraints from the natural conditions,the backwardness in construction of road,water and electricity supply equipment,and communication network,and the deficiency in service system for meat donkey breeding,the economic income of the meat donkey breeding enterprises was maintained in a lower level;the development of the meat donkey industry was also restricted by the traditional way of breeding technology and operation mode of farmers′.In view of the above problems,we proposed some corresponding countermeasures,such as improving and perfecting the interests linking mechanism between famers and enterprises,adopting the breeding mode of"company+cooperative+base+peasant household",establishing the development system of meat donkey industry combining with leisure and tourism industry,in hoping to provide references for the scientific development of meat donkey industry in Qingshuihe County.

National geographical indication refers to a commercial mark indicating the area of origin and the specific quality and features identified by the region′s natural environment and cultural elements.Geographical indication products are precious wealth and play an important role in promoting regional economic development and protecting historical cultural.However,there is still some improving room for the protection and utilization of the geographical indication products at present.This article analyzed the characteristics and the protection present situation of some poultry national geographical indication products in Henan province,including Lushi chicken,Zhengyang Sanhuang chicken,Gushi chicken and Luohe Partridge chicken.Furthermore,the developmental countermeasures of protection and utilization of poultry geographic indication products were proposed.

Combining with the developmental location of agricultural and animal husbandry in Bianba County of Changdu of Tibet,Bianba County will vigorously develop the featured animal husbandry industry with emphasis on eastern Tibet black goats.In view of the uneven quality of the provenances of eastern Tibet black goats,the existing characteristic resources cannot give full play to their advantages and are far from meeting the needs of the industry development of eastern Tibet black goats in Bianba County.The breeding plan of a new variety of eastern Tibet black goats which are characterized by hornless,multiple births,fast growth,high reproduction and slaughter rate,and superior adaptability to the high-altitude environment with forage shortage is proposed,in hoping to provide helps for the industry development of eastern Tibet black goats in Bianba County.