北方农业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 46-50.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2020.01.09

• 土壤肥料·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同覆膜方式对春玉米田土壤含水量的影响

白岚方1, 2, 王尚武1, 刘景秀3, 汪耳琪3, 路战远1, 2, 王玉芬1, 2, 张德健1, 2, 李娟1, 2   

  1. 1.内蒙古大学 生命科学学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010070;
    2.牧草与特色作物生物技术教育部重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010070;
    3.赤峰市农业技术推广站,内蒙古 赤峰 024000
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-23 出版日期:2020-01-19 发布日期:2020-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 王玉芬(1963—),女,副教授,硕士,硕士生导师,主要从事作物栽培与耕作方面的研究工作。路战远(1964—),男,研究员,博士,博士生导师,主要从事作物栽培与耕作及农业生态方面的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:白岚方(1992-),女,博士研究生,研究方向为作物栽培与耕作学。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300309/01);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(20140169)

Effect of different film mulching on soil moisture content in spring corn fields

BAI Lanfang1, 2, WANG Shangwu1, LIU Jingxiu3, WANG Erqi3, LU Zhanyuan1, 2, WANG Yufen1, 2, ZHANG Dejian1, 2, LI Juan1, 2   

  1. 1.College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010070,China;
    2.Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology,Ministry of Education,Hohhot 010070,China;
    3.Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Chifeng City,Chifeng 024000,China
  • Received:2019-11-23 Online:2020-01-19 Published:2020-05-08

摘要: 【目的】探究不同覆膜方式下春玉米田土壤含水量的变化,为我国北方干旱和半干旱地区春玉米节水高产种植提供理论依据和技术支撑。【方法】 采用春汇地露地、春汇地半覆膜、春汇地全覆膜3种覆膜方式,对春玉米全生育期0~10、10~20、20~30 cm土层土壤水分动态变化进行系统研究。【结果】 在春玉米整个生育时期中,春汇地全覆膜0~10、10~20、20~30 cm土层土壤含水量分别比春汇地露地和春汇地半覆膜土壤含水量高74.77%、73.39%、40.43%和39.89%、36.79%、33.47%;完熟期与播种期相比,不同覆膜方式下各土层土壤含水量均有不同程度的降低,降低幅度为4.03%~13.19%;在完熟期相较于播种期的春玉米全生育期中,0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层土壤含水量降低幅度均为春汇地全覆膜>春汇地露地>春汇地半覆膜,20~30 cm土层土壤含水量降低幅度为春汇地全覆膜>春汇地半覆膜>春汇地露地。【结论】 春汇地全覆膜方式能够较多地利用各层土壤的水分,而春汇地露地则较多地利用了上层土壤的水分。在北方干旱和半干旱地区采用春汇地全覆膜方式更有利于春玉米的生长。

关键词: 覆膜方式, 土壤含水量, 春玉米

Abstract: 【Objective】The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in soil moisture content in spring corn fields under different mulching methods,and to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for water-saving and high-yield planting of spring corn in arid and semi-arid regions of northern China.【Methods】In the experiment,three kinds of mulching methods were used:open-field-cultivation,half-plastic film mulching,and whole-plastic film mulching after spring irrigated. The dynamic changes of soil moisture in the soil layer of spring corn are 0-10,10-20,and 20-30 cm during the whole growth period. A systematic study was carried out.【Results】The results showed that during the whole growth period of spring corn,the soil moisture content of the whole-plastic film mulching with 0-10,10-20,20-30 cm was better than open-field-cultivation and half-plastic film mulching,74.77%,73.39%,40.43% and 39.89%,36.79%,33.47%. Compared with the sowing period,the soil water content in each soil layer under different mulching methods has been reduced to varying degrees of 4.03%-13.19%;in the full maturity period compared with the sowing stage of spring corn during the full growth period,the soil water content in the soil layer of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm decreased by the order of the whole-plastic film mulching>open-field-cultivation>half-plastic film mulching,and the soil moisture content in the 20-30 cm soil layer was reduced by the order of the whole-plastic film mulching>half-plastic film mulching>open-field-cultivation.【Conclusion】The spring irrigated full mulching method can make more use of the water in each layer of the soil,while the spring irrigated open field makes more use of the water in the upper layer. It suggests that the whole-plastic film mulching is more conducive to the growth of spring corn in the northern arid and semi-arid areas.

Key words: Film mulch patterns, Soil moisture content, Spring corn

中图分类号: 

  • S152.7