北方农业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 41-45.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2020.01.08

• 作物栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同干旱胁迫处理对燕麦产量和叶片超微结构的影响

张志芬, 付晓峰, 刘俊青, 杨海顺, 何江峰, 王力伟   

  1. 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-28 出版日期:2020-01-19 发布日期:2020-05-08
  • 作者简介:张志芬(1982-),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事燕麦育种和栽培的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院青年创新基金项目(2018QNJJN03);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2019LH03002);国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系饲草燕麦育种岗位(CARS-07-A-4)

Effect of differet drought stress treatment on yield and leaves ultrastructure of oat

ZHANG Zhifen, FU Xiaofeng, LIU Junqing, YANG Haishun, HE Jiangfeng, WANG Liwei   

  1. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China
  • Received:2019-12-28 Online:2020-01-19 Published:2020-05-08

摘要: 【目的】探究燕麦在形态结构上的耐旱特性。【方法】 试验设置土壤含水量分别为田间最大持水量的75%、45%、30%的3个水分处理,观察干旱胁迫对燕麦品种蒙燕1号的产量、不同生育时期干物质量和灌浆期叶片表皮细胞和叶肉细胞超微结构的影响。【结果】 随着干旱胁迫程度的加重,燕麦产量显著下降;干旱胁迫对叶片干物质量的影响大于对茎秆和穗的影响;叶片下表皮结构对干旱胁迫更为敏感,随着干旱胁迫时间和程度的增加叶片表皮气孔数量减少、气孔面积减小、表皮毛密度下降、表皮短细胞数量增加、表皮细胞饱满度降低。随着干旱胁迫时间和程度的增加叶肉细胞面积减小、叶绿体数量和面积减小、核染色质凝聚程度逐渐增加、叶绿体内部类囊体基粒和基质结构逐渐解体、线粒体逐渐膨胀;长时间重度干旱胁迫导致叶绿体形状各异,叶绿体之间出现团聚现象。【结论】 燕麦对干旱胁迫适应能力较强。

关键词: 燕麦, 干旱胁迫, 产量, 叶片超微结构

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the drought tolerance of oat in morphology and structure.【Methods】Three water treatments of soil water content is 75%, 45% and 30% of the water holding capacity in the field were set up,and the effects of drought stress on oat Mengyan 1 yield,the dry matter quality at different growth stages,and the ultrastructure of epidermal cells and mesophyll cells in leaves at different filling stages were observed. 【Results】With the increase of the drought stress and the prolongation of time,the yield decreased significantly;the effect on the dry matter quality of the leaves was greater than that of the stems and ears;the structure of the leaf was more sensitive to the drought stress. With the increase of the drought stress time and degree,the number and area of leaf stomata decreased,and the density of epidermal hair decreased. The number of short cells of epidermis increased,while the fullness of epidermal cells decreased. With the increase of the drought stress time and degree,the area of mesophyll cells decreased,the number and area of chloroplast decreased,and the chromatin of nucleus gradually aggregated;the thylakoid gradually disintegrated and the mitochondria gradually expanded. Long-term severe drought stress leads to changes in the shape of the chloroplast and agglomeration between the chloroplasts. 【Conclusion】The above research indicated that the drought resistance of oat was strong.

Key words: Oats, Drought stress, Yield, Ultrastructure of leaves

中图分类号: 

  • S512.6