北方农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 32-40.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2021.05.05

• 作物栽培·土壤肥料 • 上一篇    下一篇

播种期密度耦合对油莎豆光合特性的影响

董琦1, 方静1, 侯智惠2, 任永峰2, 王建国2, 慕宗杰2, 耿志勇3, 赵小庆1,2, 路战远1,2   

  1. 1.内蒙古大学,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020;
    2.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031;
    3.奈曼旗新镇综合保障和技术推广中心,内蒙古 新镇 028300
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-16 发布日期:2022-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 路战远(1964—),男,研究员,博士,博士生导师,主要从事作物栽培学与耕作学等方面的研究工作。赵小庆(1981—),男,副研究员,博士,主要从事作物抗逆多组学分析的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:董 琦(1994—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物抗逆栽培。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0507600,2019YFC0507605); 内蒙古“草原英才”领军人才项目

Effects of density-sowing dates coupling on photosynthetic characteristics of Cyperus esculeutus

DONG Qi1, FANG Jing1, HOU Zhihui2, REN Yongfeng2, WANG Jianguo2, MU Zongjie2, GENG Zhiyong3, ZHAO Xiaoqing1,2, LU Zhanyuan1,2   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010020,China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;
    3. Xinzhen Town Comprehensive Security and Technology Extension Center of Naiman Banner,Xinzhen 028300,China
  • Received:2021-09-16 Published:2022-01-06

摘要: 【目的】 探究内蒙古中西部地区不同播种期密度耦合下油莎豆光合特性的日变化规律,确定油莎豆栽培适宜的播种期与密度。【方法】 试验在内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院试验基地进行,以吉林好易收丰产2号为供试材料,采用裂区设计,设置主处理2个播种期(4月30日,S1;5月10日,S2);副处理3个密度(6万株/hm2,D1;12万株/hm2,D2;18万株/hm2,D3)。分析不同生育时期油莎豆主茎叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)与胞间CO2 浓度(Ci)的日变化。【结果】 不同播种期密度耦合下油莎豆的PnTrGs日变化趋势均呈现“M”形,PnTrGs于块茎初生期、块茎膨大期、块茎成熟期的双峰值均分别在10:00和13:00、10:00和14:00、12:00和14:00;Ci日变化均呈“U”形,峰值均在8:00和18:00。PnTrGs日变化值均表现为块茎初生期>块茎膨大期>块茎成熟期,日平均PnGs在块茎初生期时S2D3处理最大,分别为16.086 7 μmol/(m2·s)、0.148 0 mol/(m2·s),且与其他处理差异显著(P<0.05);日平均Tr在块茎初生期时S2D3处理最大,为0.003 7 mol/(m2·s),且与S1D3、S1D2、S2D2处理差异显著(P<0.05);Ci谷值在块茎初生期出现在12:00,在块茎膨大期与块茎成熟期均出现在13:00,日平均Ci在块茎初生期时S2D3处理最大,为142.959 6 μmol/mol,且与S1D1、S1D2、S2D2处理差异显著(P<0.05)。【结论】 内蒙古中西部地区油莎豆较适宜的播种期为5月中旬,密度为18 万株/hm2

关键词: 油莎豆, 播种期, 密度, 光合特性

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the photosynthetic characteristics of Cyperus esculeutus under density-sowing date coupling in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia,and to determine the appropriate sowing time and density for the cultivation of Cyperus esculeutus. 【Methods】 The experiment was carried out in the experimental base of Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences. Fengchan No.2 was used as the test material with the split zone design,two sowing dates(S1 on April 30;S2 on May 10)and 3 densities(60 000 plants/hm2 named D1;120 000 plants/hm2 named D2;180 000 plants/hm2 named D3).The daily changes of net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs)and intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)of the main stem leaves of Cyperus esculeutus at different growth periods were analysed. 【Results】 The diurnal variation trend of Pn,Tr and Gs of Cyperus esculeutus under the density-different sowing dates coupling was “M” shape,and the double peak values of Pn,Tr and Gs were at 10:00 and 13:00,10:00 and 14:00,12:00 and 14:00 at tuber primary stage,tuber swelling stage and tuber maturity stage,respectively. The diurnal variation of Ci presented a“U” shape distribution with the peak values at 8:00 and 18:00. The diurnal variation of Pn,Tr and Gs were all expressed as the tuber primary stage>tuber swelling stage>tuber maturity stage at the beginning of tuber. The daily average Pn and Gs were the highest in S2D3 treatment and significantly different from other treatments(P<0.05),they were 16.086 7 μmol/(m2·s),0.148 0 mol/(m2·s)respectively;the daily average Tr of S2D3 at tuber primary stage was the largest and significantly different from that of S1D3,S1D2 and S2D2(P<0.05),at 0.003 7 mol/(m2·s);Ci trough value appeared at 12:00 in tuber primary stage,13:00 at the swelling stage and maturity stage of tuber. The daily average Ci was the highest in S2D3 treatment at tuber primary stage and was significantly different from S1D1,S1D2 and S2D2 treatments(P<0.05),at 142.959 6 μmol/mol. 【Conclusion】 The most suitable sowing date of Cyperus esculentus in central and western Inner Mongolia was mid-May with the density 180 000 plants/hm2.

Key words: Cyperus esculentus, Sowing date, Planting density, Photosynthetic characteristics

中图分类号: 

  • S565