北方农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 56-64.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2023.02.07

• 生理生化·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

轮作对旱地谷豆光合特性、产量及效益的影响

李瑞1, 梁鸡保1, 白伟1, 冯佰利2, 漆栋良3   

  1. 1.神木市农业技术推广中心,陕西 神木 719300;
    2.西北农林科技大学 农学院,陕西 杨凌 712100;
    3.长江大学 农学院,湖北 荆州 434022
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-13 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-07-05
  • 通讯作者: 梁鸡保(1986—),男,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事农业技术推广工作。
  • 作者简介:李 瑞(1988—),男,农艺师,硕士,主要从事农业技术推广工作。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省“两链”融合作物育种项目(2021LLRH-07); 财政部农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-06-14.5-A26); 陕西省小杂粮产业技术体系项目(2009-2023); 陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟豆类新品种丰产技术集成与示范项目(LM2017003)

Effects of rotation on photosynthetic characteristics,yield and benefit of dry land millet and bean

LI Rui1, LIANG Jibao1, BAI Wei1, FENG Baili2, QI Dongliang3   

  1. 1. Shenmu Agricultural Technology and Promotion Center,Shenmu 719300,China;
    2. College of Agronomy,Northwest A & F University,Yangling 712100,China;
    3. College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434022,China
  • Received:2023-02-13 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-07-05

摘要: 【目的】明确旱地谷豆种植中轻简高效的轮作模式。【方法】通过6年田间定位试验,研究黑豆-谷子(B-M/M-B)、黑豆-黑豆-谷子(B-B-M)、黑豆-谷子-谷子(B-M-M)、黑豆-马铃薯-谷子(B-P-M)种植模式下谷子、黑豆光合特性、产量及效益变化。【结果】3个主要生育时期,B-P-M模式黑豆的气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和净光合速率(Pn)显著增加(P<0.05),谷子的Pn、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)均显著高于其他3种模式(P<0.05);不同轮作模式黑豆、谷子的Gs差异显著(P<0.05)。B-P-M模式黑豆和谷子的产量表现最好,分别为2 401.51、4 522.23 kg/hm2;B-M-M模式产量分别为2 336.66、3 479.25 kg/hm2;B-M/M-B模式产量分别为2 265.32、4 250.55 kg/hm2。B-M/M-B模式效益最高,为56 348.78元/hm2,产投比为2.18;其次为B-P-M模式,效益为8 531.21元/hm2,产投比为1.80。【结论】黑豆-谷子(B-M/M-B)种植模式产投比最高,适宜在旱地推广。

关键词: 轮作, 谷子, 黑豆, 光合特性, 产量, 效益

Abstract: 【Objective】To clarify the light,simple and efficient rotation pattern for dry land millet and bean.【Methods】Through 6 years of field positioning experiments,the photosynthetic characteristics,yield and benefit changes of millet and black bean under four planting patterns:black bean-millet(B-M/M-B),black bean-black bean-millet(B-B-M),black bean-millet-millet(B-M-M),and black bean-potato-millet(B-P-M) were studied.【Results】In the three main growth stages,stomatal conductivity(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr) and net photosynthetic rate(Pn) of the B-P-M pattern increased significantly(P<0.05). The millet Pn and relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) were all significantly higher (P<0.05) than the other three patters. Different rotation pattern had significantly different (P<0.05) Gs of millet and black beans. Under B-P-M pattern,black bean and millet had the highest yield of 2 401.51 kg/hm2 and 4 522.23 kg/hm2,respectively. The yield of B-M-M pattern were 2 336.66 and 3 479.25 kg/hm2,and yield of B-M/M-B were 2 265.32 and 4 250.55 kg/hm2,respectively. The benefit of B-M/M-B pattern was highest at 56 348.78 yuan/hm2,and output-input ratio at 2.18,followed by B-P-M pattern at 8 531.21 yuan/hm2,with output-input ratio at 1.80.【Conclusion】B-M/M-B pattern had the highest output-input ratio,suitable for promoting in dry land.

Key words: Rotation, Millet, Black bean, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield, Benefit

中图分类号: 

  • S565.1