北方农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 47-53.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.03.05

• 生理生化·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

向日葵花蓟马田间发生动态及选择性研究

苏雅杰1, 邬雪瑞2, 杜磊1, 田晓燕1, 康文钦1, 郭晨1, 张文兵3, 武占敏4, 张键3, 云晓鹏1   

  1. 1.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 植物保护研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031;
    2.巴彦淖尔市农牧业科学研究所,内蒙古 巴彦淖尔 015000;
    3.内蒙古农业大学 园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;
    4.鄂尔多斯市农牧业生态与资源保护中心,内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017200
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-29 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-10-24
  • 通讯作者: 云晓鹏(1981—),男,研究员,硕士,主要从事向日葵有害生物及其应用方面的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:苏雅杰(1990—),女,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事向日葵有害生物方面的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-14-1-21); 中央引导地方科技发展资金(2022Y0096); 内蒙古自治区科技攻关项目(2021GG0027); 内蒙古农牧业青年创新基金项目(2021QNJJN11); 内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022JBGS0010)

Study on the field occurrence dynamics and selectivity of Frankliniella intonsa on sunflower

SU Yajie1, WU Xuerui2, DU Lei1, TIAN Xiaoyan1, KANG Wenqin1, GUO Chen1, ZHANG Wenbing3, WU Zhanmin4, ZHANG Jian3, YUN Xiaopeng1   

  1. 1. Plant Protection Institute,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;
    2. Bayannur Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Bayannur 015000,China;
    3. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;
    4. Ordos Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Ecology and Resource Protection Center,Ordos 017200,China
  • Received:2024-10-29 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-10-24

摘要: 【目的】对向日葵花蓟马田间发生动态及其在向日葵植株不同部位的选择性进行研究,为向日葵田间花蓟马的防控提供理论依据。【方法】以向日葵SH361为试验材料,采用黄、蓝板诱集法监测田间向日葵花蓟马的发生动态。以向日葵SH363和三瑞3号为试验材料,选取瘦果、筒状花、苞叶、叶片、舌状花放入有湿润滤纸的培养皿中,并接入花蓟马,分别在6、7、8、24 h观察其取食偏好;在田间花蓟马发生严重的地块摘取瘦果、筒状花、苞叶、叶片、舌状花,移除花蓟马成虫,气候室培养后观察其若虫孵化数和产卵偏好,并计算产卵量。【结果】向日葵田黄、蓝板上花蓟马数量变化趋势一致,6月末至8月末虫口数量呈现波动性变化。其中,6月29日—7月13日,虫量先升高后降低;7月末降至谷底;8月初又开始迅速上升;8月17日达到第2个高峰。花蓟马最喜欢取食和产卵的部位均为筒状花,且对筒状花的产卵偏好显著高于其他部位(P<0.05),其在SH363和三瑞3号上的产卵量分别为5.17、2.50头/叶碟。【结论】8月中旬向日葵进入花期时花蓟马数量急剧升高,其最喜欢取食和产卵的部位均为筒状花。

关键词: 向日葵, 花蓟马, 发生动态, 取食部位, 产卵

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the field occurrence dynamics of Frankliniella intonsa and its selectivity for different parts of sunflower plants,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the control of F. intonsa in sunflower fields. 【Methods】Using sunflower variety SH361 as the test material,yellow and blue sticky traps were adopted to monitor the field occurrence dynamics of F. intonsa. With sunflower varieties SH363 and Sanrui No. 3 as test materials,seeds,ray florets,floral leaves,leaves,and disk florets were selected and placed in petri dishes with moist filter paper,followed by the introduction of F. intonsa. The feeding preference of F. intonsa was observed at 6,7,8,and 24 h respectively. In fields with severe F. intonsa infestation,seeds,ray florets,floral leaves,leaves,and disk florets were collected and adult F. intonsa were removed. After the samples were cultured in a climate chamber,the number of hatched nymphs and oviposition preference were observed,and the number of eggs laid was calculated. 【Results】The population trends of F. intonsa on yellow and blue sticky traps in sunflower fields were consistent,with the population showing a fluctuating change from late June to late August. Specifically,from 29 June to 13 July,the population initially increased and then declined,it reached a low point by late July,followed by a rapid increase in early August,peaking again on 17 August. Ray florets were the most preferred site for both feeding and oviposition of F. intonsa,and the oviposition preference for ray florets was significantly higher than that for other parts(P<0.05),with the number of eggs laid of 5.17 and 2.50 individuals per petri dish on SH363 and Sanrui No. 3,respectively.【Conclusion】The population of F. intonsa increases sharply when sunflowers enter the flowering stage in mid-August,and ray florets are the most preferred site for both feeding and oviposition of F. intonsa.

Key words: Sunflower, Frankliniella intonsa, Occurrence dynamics, Feeding site, Oviposition

中图分类号: 

  • S435.655