北方农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3): 36-40.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2021.03.05

• 土壤肥料·农业生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同改良剂对盐碱地向日葵农艺性状及产量的影响

闫洪1, 仲生柱1, 温晓亮1, 王瑞珍2, 李彬瑞1, 李二珍1, 刘娟1, 李彬1, 段玉3, 张婷婷3   

  1. 1.五原县农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古 五原 015100;
    2.五原县农村生态能源站,内蒙古 五原 015100;
    3.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 资源环境与检测技术研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-28 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 张婷婷(1989—),女,博士,主要从事作物栽培与耕作的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:闫洪(1980—),女,高级农艺师,学士,主要从事土壤肥料技术推广的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家特色油料产业技术体系(CARS-14); 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG346)

Effects of different amendments on agronomic characteristics and yield of sunflower in saline-alkali soil

YAN Hong1, ZHONG Shengzhu1, WEN Xiaoliang1, WANG Ruizhen2, LI Binrui1, LI Erzhen1, LIU Juan1, LI Bin1, DUAN Yu3, ZHANG Tingting3   

  1. 1. Wuyuan County Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Wuyuan 015100,China;
    2. Wuyuan County Rural Ecological Energy Station,Wuyuan 015100,China;
    3. Institute of Resource Environment and Detection Technology,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China
  • Received:2021-01-28 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-08-23

摘要: 【目的】 明确不同改良剂对河套灌区土壤盐碱化指标、向日葵农艺性状和产量的影响,为该地区盐碱地改良提供参考。【方法】 采用随机区组试验,设置不施改良剂(S1)、900 kg/hm2有机改良剂(S2)、4 500 kg/hm2脱硫石膏(S3)、900 kg/hm2有机改良剂+4 500 kg/hm2脱硫石膏(S4)4个处理,对比分析不同改良剂下土壤盐碱化指标和向日葵农艺性状及产量。【结果】 施用改良剂较不施改良剂降低了土壤全盐含量和pH值,S4处理显著低于S1处理(P<0.05),分别降低了1.15 g/kg和0.32。施用改良剂增加了向日葵株高、茎粗、花盘直径,S4处理显著高于S1处理(P<0.05)。S4处理向日葵产量、单盘籽粒重、百粒重显著高于S1处理(P<0.05),分别增加了13.92%、21.15 g、1.48 g;S2处理与S3处理差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】 900 kg/hm2有机改良剂+4 500 kg/hm2脱硫石膏在降低土壤全盐含量、pH值及促进向日葵生长、提高产量方面效果明显,是适宜河套灌区盐碱地应用的改良剂。

关键词: 盐碱地, 改良剂, 脱硫石膏, 向日葵, 农艺性状, 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the effects of different amendments on soil salinization indexes,sunflower agronomic characteristics and yield in Hetao Irrigation Area,so as to provide a reference for the improvement of saline-alkali soil in this area.【Methods】 Randomized block test was used,4 treatments with no amendment(S1),900 kg/hm2 organic amendment(S2),4 500 kg/hm2 desulfurized gypsum(S3),900 kg/hm2 organic amendment + 4 500 kg/hm2 desulfurized gypsum(S4),comparative analysis of soil salinization indexes and sunflower agronomic characteristics and yield under different amendments.【Results】 The application of amendments reduced the total salt content and pH value of the soil compared with no amendments. The S4 treatment was significantly lower than the S1 treatment(P<0.05),which decreased by 1.15 g/kg and 0.32,respectively. The application of amendments increased plant height,stem thickness,and disk diameter,and the S4 treatment was significantly higher than the S1 treatment(P<0.05). The yield,grain weight per tray,and 100-seed weight of S4 treatment were significantly higher than those of S1 treatment(P<0.05),increasing by 13.92%,21.15 g and 1.48 g respectively. There was no significant difference between S2 and S3 treatments(P>0.05).【Conclusion】 900 kg/hm2 organic amendment + 4 500 kg/hm2 desulfurized gypsum had obvious effects on reducing the total salt content and pH value of the soil,promoting sunflower growth and increasing yield. It was a suitable amendment in saline-alkali soil of Hetao Irrigation Area.

Key words: Saline-alkali soil, Amendment, Desulfurized gypsum, Sunflower, Agronomic characteristics, Yield

中图分类号: 

  • S565.5