Abstract: The Countryside is main body of society in our country; moreover farmers dominate the majority of the whole population, which denote that farmers occupy an important position in our social life. The process of institutional arrangement for the farmer＇ s status was devious and gradual. It is inevitable choice under specific historical condition for the government that the status of farmers was systematized,but actually which causes the deficiency in the political, the economical and the social rights. Therefore, at present, in China, it is urgent for the whole country to eliminate the discrimination against farmers, establish and safeguards farmer＇s equal rights, solve the problem of farmers as second-class citizens.