低温条件下玉米秸秆降解菌复配效果及降解特性研究

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2021.06.09

北方农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 71-78.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2021.06.09

低温条件下玉米秸秆降解菌复配效果及降解特性研究

张必周^1,2, 洪博¹, 张涛¹, 赵婉彤¹, 于晓芳¹, 高聚林¹, 张鑫¹, 青格尔¹

1.内蒙古农业大学农学院/内蒙古自治区作物栽培与遗传改良重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特 010019;
2.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特 010031

收稿日期:2021-11-02 出版日期:2021-12-20 发布日期:2022-02-09
通讯作者: 青格尔（1988—）,女,讲师,博士,主要从事作物生理生态的研究工作。
作者简介:张必周（1989—）,女,助理研究员,博士,主要从事作物生理生态的研究工作。洪博（2001—）,女,在读本科,专业为农学。张必周与洪博为同等贡献作者。
基金资助:
内蒙古农业大学大学生科技创新基金项目（KJCX2020006）; 国家自然科学基金项目（31760353,32060434）; 财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-02-63）; 农业农村部华北黄土高原地区作物栽培科学观测实验站项目（25204120）

Compound effect of corn straw degradation microbes and their degradation characteristics at low temperature

ZHANG Bizhou^1,2, HONG Bo¹, ZHANG Tao¹, ZHAO Wantong¹, YU Xiaofang¹, GAO Julin¹, ZHANG Xin¹, Qinggeer¹

1. College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Genetic Improvement,Hohhot 010019,China;
2. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China

Received:2021-11-02 Online:2021-12-20 Published:2022-02-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】组配低温高效玉米秸秆降解复合菌,为玉米秸秆原位促腐还田提供微生物菌种资源。【方法】在低温15 ℃条件下,以玉米秸秆降解菌A3（Achromobacter deleyi strain LMG 3458）、A4（Pseudomonas plecoglossicida strain NBRC）组合为基础,通过添加功能真菌A（Aspergillus terreus）和P（Phanerochaete chrysosporium）,比较复配菌A3+A4+A、A3+A4+P和A3+A4+A+P酶活性及其对玉米秸秆降解率和单菌微生物相对含量的影响。【结果】复配菌A3+A4中添加真菌A和P,其微生物相对含量增加,可显著提高玉米秸秆降解率（P<0.05）。复配菌A3+A4+A+P玉米秸秆降解率最高,为38.79%,较A3+A4玉米秸秆降解率提高了13.04个百分点。滤纸酶活性、木聚糖酶活性、漆酶活性分别在培养30、15、20 d时达到最高值,与A3+A4相比,分别提高了4.44 U/mL、4.00 U/mL、60.04 U/L。纤维素、半纤维素和木质素降解率较A3+A4分别提高了10.77、4.15和21.10个百分点。【结论】复配菌A3+A4+A+P具有较高的玉米秸秆降解效率,可为玉米秸秆微生物降解菌剂的研究及利用提供菌种资源。

关键词: 玉米秸秆, 降解率, 复配菌, 酶活性, 微生物相对含量

Abstract: 【Objective】To combine the high-efficient compound microbes that degrade corn straw at low temperature,and to provide candidate microbial strains for corn straw returned into field in situ under promoting decay condition.【Methods】Based on the combination of corn straw degradation bacteria A3（Achromobacter deleyi strain LMG 3458）and A4（Pseudomonas plecoglossica strain NBRC）,three sets of compound microbes were prepared by supplementing functional fungi A（Aspergillus terreus）and P（Phanerochaete chrysosporium）,which were A3+A4+A,A3+A4+P,and A3+A4+A+P,respectively. The enzyme activities of the compound microbes as well as their effects on degradation rate of corn straw and relative microbial contents of single strain were studied at a low temperature of 15 ℃.【Results】 When fungi A and P were added,the relative microbial content of the bacterial combination of A3+A4 increased,and the corn straw degradation rate increased significantly（P<0.05）. The compound microbes A3+A4+A+P had the highest corn straw degradation rate of 38.79%,which was 13.04 percentage points higher than that of the bacterial combination of A3+A4. The highest FPase activity,xylanase activity,and laccase activity of the compound microbes A3+A4+A+P was observed on 30,15,and 20 day of incubation,respectively,which were 4.44 U/mL,4.00 U/mL and 60.04 U/L higher than those of the bacterial combination of A3+A4,respectively. Furthermore,the degradation rates of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin of the compound microbes A3+A4+A+P were higher than those of the A3+A4 by 10.77,4.15,and 21.10 percentage points,respectively.【Conclusion】The compound microbes A3+A4+A+P had higher corn straw degradation efficiency and could be used as candidate strain resources for the study and application of microbial agents for corn straw degradation.

Key words: Corn straw, Degradation rate, Compound microbes, Enzyme activity, Relative microbial content

中图分类号:

S141.4

张必周, 洪博, 张涛, 赵婉彤, 于晓芳, 高聚林, 张鑫, 青格尔. 低温条件下玉米秸秆降解菌复配效果及降解特性研究[J]. 北方农业学报, 2021, 49(6): 71-78.

ZHANG Bizhou, HONG Bo, ZHANG Tao, ZHAO Wantong, YU Xiaofang, GAO Julin, ZHANG Xin, Qinggeer. Compound effect of corn straw degradation microbes and their degradation characteristics at low temperature[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2021, 49(6): 71-78.

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低温条件下玉米秸秆降解菌复配效果及降解特性研究

Compound effect of corn straw degradation microbes and their degradation characteristics at low temperature

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