北方农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 114-120.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2021.06.15

• 园艺·草业 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机肥与玉米秸秆配施对拱棚连作辣椒生长、产量及品质的影响

吴雪梅1, 徐宏英2, 高晶霞2   

  1. 1.彭阳县蔬菜产业发展服务中心,宁夏 彭阳 756500;
    2.宁夏农林科学院 园艺研究所,宁夏 银川 750002
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-03 出版日期:2021-12-20 发布日期:2022-02-09
  • 通讯作者: 高晶霞(1982—),女,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事蔬菜栽培及辣椒育种的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:吴雪梅(1971—),女,高级农艺师,学士,主要从事蔬菜试验示范研究及推广工作。
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏回族自治区农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-8-05); 国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23-G24)

Effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and corn straw on growth,yield and quality of continuous cropping pepper in tunnel

WU Xuemei1, XU Hongying2, GAO Jingxia2   

  1. 1. Vegetable Industry Development Service Center of Pengyang County,Pengyang 756500,China;
    2. Institute of Horticulture,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China
  • Received:2021-12-03 Online:2021-12-20 Published:2022-02-09

摘要: 【目的】 解决宁夏南部山区塑料拱棚连作辣椒产量及品质降低的问题,明确有机肥与玉米秸秆配施对拱棚连作辣椒生长、产量及品质的影响。【方法】 试验采用随机区组设计,设置7个处理(不施有机肥为对照),分析不同处理对连作辣椒开花期、结果期、采收期生长指标、品质性状、产量的影响。【结果】 在辣椒生长的3个时期,处理6(基肥施腐熟鸡粪22 488.8 kg/hm2+玉米秸秆29 985.0 kg/hm2)连作辣椒株高、茎粗均高于其他处理;处理1(基肥施腐熟羊粪59 970.0 kg/hm2)、处理3(基肥施腐熟鸡粪22 488.8 kg/hm2)净光合速率均显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);处理1、处理5(基肥施腐熟牛粪74 962.5 kg/hm2+玉米秸秆29 985.0 kg/hm2)单株结果数显著高于处理4(基肥施腐熟羊粪59 970.0 kg/hm2+玉米秸秆29 985.0 kg/hm2)和对照(P<0.05);处理1、处理3、处理6的单果重均显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。处理6产量、产值均最高,分别为101 503.5 kg/hm2、111 654.0元/hm2,产量分别比处理1、处理2(基肥施腐熟牛粪74 962.5 kg/hm2)、处理3、处理4、处理5、对照增加5.56%、19.00%、2.15%、4.35%、14.12%、26.75%。处理1连作辣椒VC含量和可溶性糖含量最高,分别为105.00、11.20 mg/g,处理6次之,分别为101.00、10.59 mg/g;处理5可溶性蛋白质含量最高,为1.49 mg/g。【结论】 基肥施用有机肥可减缓塑料拱棚连作辣椒的危害,基肥施用腐熟鸡粪22 488.8 kg/hm2+玉米秸秆29 985.0 kg/hm2可显著提高连作辣椒生长指标、产量及品质,建议在宁夏南部山区进行推广。

关键词: 有机肥, 玉米秸秆, 拱棚连作, 辣椒, 生长, 产量, 品质

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and corn straw on the growth,yield,and quality of continuous cropping pepper in tunnel in the mountainous region of Southern Ningxia.【Methods】The effects of several treatments(with no organic fertilizer as control)on the growth indexes,quality traits,and yield of pepper during flowering,fruiting,and harvest stages were studied using a randomized block design.【Results】Plant height and stem diameter of pepper in treatment 6(base fertilizer supplemented with decomposed chicken manure 22 488.8 kg/hm2+corn straw 29 985.0 kg/hm2)were higher than all the other treatments in all three growth stages of pepper. Treatment 1(base fertilizer supplemented with 59 970.0 kg/hm2 of rotten sheep manure)and treatment 3(base fertilizer supplemented with 22 488.8 kg/hm2 of rotten chicken manure)had significantly higher net photosynthetic rates than the other treatments(P<0.05). Treatment 1 and treatment 5(base fertilizer supplemented with rotten cow manure 74 962.5 kg/hm2+corn straw 29 985.0 kg/hm2)had significantly more fruit per plant than treatment 4(base fertilizer supplement with rotten sheep manure 59 970.0 kg/hm2+corn straw 29 985.0 kg/hm2)and the control(P<0.05). Treatment 1,treatment 3,and treatment 6 had significantly higher single fruit weights than the other treatments(P<0.05). Treatment 6 had the highest yield and economic value,with 101 503.5 kg/hm2 and 111 654.0 yuan/hm2 respectively,higher than that of treatment 1,treatment 2(base fertilizer supplemented with 74 962.5 kg/hm2 of rotten cow dung),treatment 3,treatment 4,treatment 5,and the control by 5.56%,19.00%,2.15%,4.35%,14.12%,and 26.75%. Treatment 1 had the highest VC(105.00 mg/g)and soluble sugar conten(11.20 mg/g),followed by treatment 6,at 101.00 and 10.59 mg/g,respectively. Treatment 5 had the highest soluble protein content at 1.49 mg/g.【Conclusion】 Continuous cropping obstacle of pepper in tunnel could be mitigated by using base organic fertilizers. The use of base fertilizer supplemented with 22 488.8 kg/hm2 rotting chicken manure and 29 985.0 kg/hm2 corn straw significantly improved the growth index,yield,and quality of pepper,suitable for the Southern Ningxia′s mountainous region.

Key words: Organic fertilizer, Corn straw, Tunnel continuous cropping, Pepper, Growth, Yield, Quality

中图分类号: 

  • S641.3