不同播种期西瓜糖分含量与蔗糖代谢酶活性动态变化

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2026.02.04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究不同播种期西瓜果实发育过程中糖分含量和蔗糖代谢酶活性动态变化,为西瓜优质栽培和品质提升提供参考。【方法】以西瓜品种迁丽4号为试验材料,设置春季试验（播种期Ⅰ、播种期Ⅱ）和秋季试验（播种期Ⅲ、播种期Ⅳ）,测定授粉后不同天数下果实糖分含量和蔗糖代谢酶活性。【结果】葡萄糖含量在播种期Ⅰ授粉后20 d、播种期Ⅱ授粉后26 d、播种期Ⅲ授粉后35 d、播种期Ⅳ授粉后26 d最高（39.67、46.94、33.12、29.01 mg/g）,果糖含量在播种期Ⅰ授粉后23 d、播种期Ⅱ授粉后29 d、播种期Ⅲ授粉后44 d、播种期Ⅳ授粉后44 d最高（76.37、66.33、65.83、70.00 mg/g）,蔗糖含量在播种期Ⅰ授粉后29 d、播种期Ⅱ授粉后29 d、播种期Ⅲ授粉后44 d、播种期Ⅳ授粉后41 d最高（64.57、43.61、38.63、38.54 mg/g）,总糖含量在播种期Ⅰ授粉后29 d、播种期Ⅱ授粉后29 d、播种期Ⅲ授粉后44 d、播种期Ⅳ授粉后41 d最高（153.20、141.93、118.25、119.15 mg/g）。中性转化酶（NI）活性播种期Ⅰ授粉后26 d、播种期Ⅱ授粉后14 d、播种期Ⅲ授粉后44 d、播种期Ⅳ授粉后23 d最高[1 757.33、1 837.93、1 607.89、1 890.57 μg/（min·g）];酸性转化酶（AI）活性播种期Ⅰ授粉后23 d、播种期Ⅱ授粉后7 d、播种期Ⅲ授粉后38 d、播种期Ⅳ授粉后23 d最高[1 645.44、1 541.99、1 404.88、1 604.70 μg/（min·g）]。春、秋季果实蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和总糖含量与蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）、蔗糖合成酶[（合成方向）,SSs]、蔗糖合成酶[（分解方向）,SSc]、蔗糖代谢酶净活性呈显著或极显著关系（P<0.05或P<0.01）。【结论】不同播种期西瓜果实发育过程中果糖含量较高,发育前期葡萄糖含量较高,发育后期蔗糖含量较高,总糖、葡萄糖含量春季高于秋季;蔗糖代谢酶活性呈波动性变化,转化酶活性均较高,果实糖分含量积累差异与蔗糖代谢酶活性有关。

关键词: 西瓜, 播种期, 糖分含量, 蔗糖代谢酶, 相关性分析

Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the dynamic changes in sugar content and sucrose-metabolizing enzyme activities during watermelon fruit development at different sowing times,and to provide a reference for high-quality cultivation and quality improvement of watermelon. 【Methods】 The watermelon variety Qianli No. 4 was used as the experimental material. A spring experiment（sowing time Ⅰ and sowing time Ⅱ）and autumn experiment（sowing time Ⅲ and sowing time Ⅳ）were set. Fruit sugar content and sucrose-metabolizing enzyme activities were measured at different days after pollination. 【Results】 Glucose content was highest at 20 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅰ,26 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅱ,35 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅲ,and 26 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅳ （39.67,46.94,33.12,and 29.01 mg/g,respectively）. Fructose content was highest at 23 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅰ,29 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅱ,44 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅲ,and 44 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅳ（76.37,66.33,65.83,and 70.00 mg/g,respectively）. Sucrose content was highest at 29 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅰ,29 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅱ,44 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅲ,and 41 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅳ（64.57,43.61,38.63,and 38.54 mg/g,respectively）. Total sugar content was highest at 29 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅰ,29 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅱ,44 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅲ,and 41 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅳ（153.20,141.93,118.25,and 119.15 mg/g,respectively）. The activity of neutral invertase（NI） was highest at 26 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅰ,14 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅱ,44 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅲ,and 23 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅳ [1 757.33,1 837.93,1 607.89,and 1 890.57 μg/（min·g）,respectively]. The activity of acid invertase（AI）was highest at 23 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅰ,7 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅱ,38 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅲ,and 23 d after pollination in sowing time Ⅳ [1 645.44,1 541.99,1 404.88,and 1 604.70 μg/（min·g）,respectively]. In both spring and autumn fruits,the contents of sucrose,glucose,fructose,and total sugar were significantly or extremely significantly correlated with the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase（SPS）,sucrose synthase[（synthetic direction）,SSs],sucrose synthase[（cleavage direction）,SSc）],and the net activity of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. 【Conclusion】 For watermelon fruits at different sowing times,fructose content is higher during the development stages,glucose content is higher at the early development stages,sucrose content is higher at the late development stages,and total sugar and glucose contents are higher in spring than in autumn;the activities of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes show fluctuating changes,and all invertase activities were higher. The differences in fruit sugar accumulation are related to the activities of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes.

Key words: Watermelon, Sowing time, Sugar content, Sucrose-metabolizing enzyme, Correlation analysis

中图分类号:

S651

沈虹, 孟佳丽, 吴绍军, 杨年福, 张黎杰, 周玲玲, 田福发, 刘书华, 余翔. 不同播种期西瓜糖分含量与蔗糖代谢酶活性动态变化[J]. 北方农业学报, 2026, 54(2): 36-47.

SHEN Hong, MENG Jiali, WU Shaojun, YANG Nianfu, ZHANG Lijie, ZHOU Lingling, TIAN Fufa, LIU Shuhua, YU Xiang. Dynamic changes in sugar content and sucrose-metabolizing enzyme activities of watermelon at different sowing times[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2026, 54(2): 36-47.

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