Abstract: Sheep alopecia is a general name of wool root atrophy,unhairing,and wool hypoplasia,which is caused by some special factors such as metabolic disorder,parasitic infection,bacterial infection and intoxication.The sheep alopecia can occur in both sheep and goats.Its incidence can reach 50%-60%,and its mortality is lower.This disease has led to great loss to animal husbandry.It has been a long time since sheep alopecia was reported,and it is still reported now.It occurs mainly in Inner Mongolia,Gansu,Ningxia,Liaoning and other areas,particularly in farming areas and half agriculture-half herding areas of Inner Mongolia and Gansu.In order to find a better way to prevent and cure sheep alopecia,the epidemiology,etiology as well as prevention and treatment measures were introduced.