畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 63-70.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2023.05.009

• 动物遗传与繁育 • 上一篇    下一篇

加拿大畜禽遗传资源保护与利用现状及对我国的启示

王兴文,于耀然,刘浩,余泽田,董晓霞,彭华   

  1. 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-24 出版日期:2023-09-30 发布日期:2023-11-14
  • 通讯作者: 彭华(1977—),女,副研究员,博士,主要研究方向为农业经济。
  • 作者简介:王兴文(1986—),男,助理研究员,硕士,主要研究方向为畜牧业经济。|于耀然(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为农业经济。
  • 基金资助:
    农业农村部政府购买服务项目(19230722);公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(JBYW-ALL-2023-39)

Current Status of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Utilization in Canada and the Enlightenment for China

WANG Xingwen,YU Yaoran,LIU Hao,YU Zetian,DONG Xiaoxia,PENG Hua   

  1. Agricultural Information Institute,China Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
  • Received:2023-07-24 Online:2023-09-30 Published:2023-11-14

摘要:

加拿大是较早开展畜禽遗传资源保护的国家之一,拥有较高的畜禽遗传资源保护和利用水平。通过对加拿大畜禽遗传资源现状、基因库建设、保护主体、相关法律法规等进行系统梳理分析,发现其较高的畜禽遗传资源保护和利用水平在很大程度上依赖于建立的畜禽品种登记制度、动物遗传资源信息系统以及先进的畜禽资源保存技术和完善的法律体系。通过对比我国相关做法和制度,提出建立品种登记相关制度、优化畜禽资源保存技术等5条合理化建议,以期为提高我国畜禽遗传资源保护和利用水平提供有益借鉴。

关键词: 加拿大, 畜禽遗传资源, 保护, 开发利用

Abstract:

Canada is one of the earliest nations to carry out the conservation of livestock and poultry genetic resources, and has a high level of conservation and utilization of these resources. Through systematic analysis of the current status of livestock and poultry genetic resources, gene bank construction, conservation subjects, and relevant laws and regulations in Canada, it was discovered that the high level of conservation and utilization of these resources were largely due to the established livestock and poultry pedigree registration systems, animal heritage resource information systems, advanced livestock and poultry resource preservation technology, and sound legal systems. By comparing the relevant practices and systems in China, five rationalization suggestions were proposed, including establishing pedigree registration systems and optimizing the preservation technology of livestock and poultry resources, in hoping to provide useful references for improving the conservation and utilization level of livestock and poultry genetic resources in China.

Key words: Canada, livestock and poultry genetic resource, conservation, development and utilization

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