动植物miRNA实现跨物种基因调控的研究进展

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2022.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来,有研究发现动物体内存在一类非自身的miRNA,这类miRNA主要是随着食物进入,并在动物体内发挥一定的调控功能,这一研究发现可为从植物中提取特殊物质作为添加剂或是为探究中草药治疗疾病的作用机理提供一定的理论支持,拓宽了外源性动植物miRNA的研究方向。从动植物miRNA的形成过程、结构特点、跨物种后稳定性、组织特异性表达、靶基因结合方式、生物学功能以及跨物种调控等方面,系统阐述了动植物miRNA进行跨物种调控的作用机制及研究进展,对动植物miRNA未来的研究方向和应用进行了展望,以期为miRNA在疾病治疗和营养补充方面的开发利用提供参考。

关键词: miRNA, 跨物种, 基因调控, 跨物种后稳定性, 组织特异性

Abstract: In recent years, researchers have discovered that animals contain a type of non-self-derived miRNA, which were always ingested by food and have regulatory functions in animals. These findings may provide some theoretical foundations for extracting specific compounds from plants as additives or investigating the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic role of Chinese herbal medicine. They also broaden the research scope of exogenous animal and plant miRNA. From the aspects of formation process, structural characteristics, stability post cross-kingdom, tissue-specific expression, target gene binding mode, biological function, and cross-kingdom regulation, this paper systematically illustrated the mechanisms underlying the cross-kingdom gene regulation of animal and plant miRNA, reviewed corresponding research progress, and forecasted future research directions and applications of animal and plant miRNA, in hoping to serve as a guide for the development and utilization of miRNA in disease treatment and nutritional supplementation.

Key words: miRNA, cross-kingdom, gene regulation, stability post cross-kingdom, tissue specificity

中图分类号:

Q522

孟桂智, 刘宝宝, 李雅辉, 马燕芬, 王兴平, 马云, 蔡小艳. 动植物miRNA实现跨物种基因调控的研究进展[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2022, 43(2): 7-13.

MENG Gui-zhi, LIU Bao-bao, LI Ya-hui, MA Yan-fen, WANG Xing-ping, MA Yun, CAI Xiao-yan. Advances in Cross-kingdom Regulation of Gene Expression Via miRNA in Animal and Plant[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2022, 43(2): 7-13.

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